Archived [2022-09-14] - Policy on Title to Intellectual Property Arising Under Crown Procurement Contracts

• 1.1This Policy will take effect on April 1, 2015.
• 1.2It replaces the Treasury Board Policy on Title to Intellectual Property Arising under Crown Procurement Contracts (dated October 1, 2000).

• 2.1This Policy applies to all departments listed in Schedules I, I.1 and II of the Financial Administration Act (FAA), with the exception of the Canada Revenue Agency. It also applies to a Commission established pursuant to the Inquiries Act that is designated as a department for the purposes of the FAA through an Order in Council.
• 2.2Section 6.4 & 7 on monitoring compliance and consequences for non-compliance do not apply with respect to the Office of the Auditor General, the Office of the Privacy Commissioner, the Office of the Information Commissioner, the Office of the Chief Electoral Officer, the Office of the Commissioner of Lobbying, the Office of the Commissioner of Official Languages, the Office of the Public Sector Integrity Commissioner, the Office of the Communications Security Establishment Commissioner, the Public Prosecution Service Canada and commissions established pursuant to the Inquiries Act. The deputy heads of these organizations are solely responsible for monitoring and ensuring compliance with this Policy within their organizations, as well as for responding to cases of non-compliance in accordance with any Treasury Board instruments providing principles and guidance on the management of compliance.
• 2.3This Policy applies to Foreground Intellectual Property (IP):Intellectual Property first conceived, developed, produced or reduced to practice as part of the work under a Crown Procurement Contract.
• 2.4This Policy does not affect:
  • existing ownership rights of the Crown, the Contractor, or a third party to their respective Background IP;
  • IP ownership rights between the Contractor and any of its subcontractors, except that the Contractor shall be required to obtain from its subcontractors those ownership or licence rights that the Contractor agrees, in the Crown Procurement Contract, to provide to the Crown.
• 2.5This Policy does not apply to:
  • the sale, transfer or disposal of existing Crown-owned IP, as the Policy deals only with the IP generated under a Crown Procurement Contract;
  • the ownership of, or the right to use, any trademarks or trade names;
  • contractual arrangements, including but not limited to, collaborative research agreements or Memoranda of Understanding (MOUs);
  • prototypes or any other physical embodiments of intellectual creation that may be deliverables of a Crown Procurement Contract;
  • personal information as defined under the Privacy Act or to Foreground IP in any compilation or database containing personal information or Crown-supplied information, if thatForeground IP cannot be exploited without using that personal information or Crown-supplied information.

• 3.1For the purposes of this Policy, IP includes any rights resulting from intellectual activity in the industrial, scientific, literary, or artistic fields including all intellectual creation legally protected through patents, copyright, industrial design, integrated circuit topography, and plant breeders' rights, or subject to protection under the law as trade secrets and confidential information.
• 3.2The objective of Crown Procurement Contracts is to acquire goods and services and to carry out construction in a manner that enhances access, competition and fairness and results in the best value or, if appropriate, the optimal balance of overall benefits to the Crown and the Canadian people. As part of this commitment, the Government of Canada has made specific provisions for social and economic development objectives to be pursued.
• 3.3The Government of Canada believes that Commercial Exploitation of IP contributes to economic growth and job creation, and that such exploitation is best achieved by the private sector.
• 3.4This Policy does not require that departments compromise their operations (e.g. being tied into a sole source situation or accept too narrow a licence to allow the full use of the Foreground IP), but rather allows the federal government to seek licenses broad enough to permit the Crown to use the IP.
• 3.5This Policy is issued under the authority of section 7 of the Financial Administration Act (FAA).
• 3.6This Policy is to be read in conjunction with the Policy Framework for the Management of Assets and Acquired Services.
• 3.7Additional mandatory requirements are set out in the Contracting Policy.

For the purposes of this Policy:

"Background IP" (« Acquis »)

means all Intellectual Property that is not Foreground IP.

"Commercial Exploitation" (« Exploitation commerciale »)

means any use, modification, transformation and/or dissemination of the Foreground IP that generates, or is intended to generate, revenues.

"Contracting Department" (« Autorité contractante »)

means the Department entering into a Crown Procurement Contract.

"Contractor"

(« Entrepreneur ») means any party or parties, collectively, to a Crown Procurement Contract not defined as the Crown.

"Crown" (« État, la Couronne ou Sa Majesté »)

means Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, including departmental corporations as defined in the Financial Administration Act.

"Crown Procurement Contract" (« Marché conclu avec l'État »)

means a 'contract' as defined in the Treasury Board Contracting Policy.

"Deputy Head" (« Sous-ministre »)

means the deputy head, the chairperson, the president or other chief executive officer of a Responsible Department and any person having the appropriate capacity to act on her or his behalf.

"Deputy Head of a Contracting Department" (« Sous-ministre de l'Autorité contractante »)

means the deputy head, the chairperson, the president or other chief executive officer of a Contracting Department and any person having the appropriate capacity to act on her or his behalf.

"Foreground IP" (« Élément original »)

means IP first conceived, developed, produced or reduced to practice as part of the work under a Crown Procurement Contract.

"Intellectual Property" (« Propriété intellectuelle »)

means for the purposes of this policy, any rights resulting from intellectual activity in the industrial, scientific, literary, or artistic fields including all intellectual creation legally protected through patents, copyright, industrial design, integrated circuit topography, and plant breeders' rights, or subject to protection under the law as trade secrets and confidential information. Intellectual Property does not include prototypes or any other physical embodiments of intellectual creation when such physical embodiments are deliverables of a Crown Procurement Contract. Please see the Implementation Guide – Policy on Title to Intellectual Property Arising Under Crown Procurement Contracts for more information.

"Responsible Department" (« Ministère responsable »)

means the Department for which good(s) and/or service(s) are being acquired under the Crown Procurement Contract.

• 5.1Objective

  The objective of this Policy is to enhance Canada's economic growth by increasing commercialization of Intellectual Property. To this end, the contractor is to own the rights to Foreground Intellectual Property created as a result of a Crown Procurement Contract. This default position is subject to exceptions and exemption found in Appendix A.

• 5.2Expected results
  • When the Contractor generates IP under a Crown Procurement Contract, they have an opportunity to own and commercialize the Foreground IP.
  • When the Crown's intended use of the Foreground IP requires ownership of the IP, the Crown has the opportunity to take sole ownership, either through exceptions or the Treasury Board Exemption provided in Appendix A.
  • When the Crown's intended use of the IP can be met through licence arrangements, it has the opportunity to seek the needed licence(s) whether broad or narrow.
  • Responsible Departments have improved clarity in IP ownership decision-making.
  • Roles, responsibilities and accountabilities for the management of IP generated under a Crown Procurement Contract are clearly defined and understood by all departments.

• 6.1Deputy Heads or their designates are accountable to establish an effective approach for the implementation of this Policy within their respective departments by:
  • 6.1.1ensuring the proper management of Foreground IP arising from Crown Procurement Contracts by having the Contractor be the owner of any Foreground IP, subject to the exceptions and exemption in Appendix A; and ensuring that the potential for commercial exploitation is identified.
  • 6.1.2ensuring that documentation on Foreground IP ownership decisions is complete and consistent with the Policy;
  • 6.1.3ensuring that adequate resources are allocated to the orientation and training of personnel regarding their implementation of the Policy.
• 6.2The Deputy Head of the Contracting Department is responsible for:
  • 6.2.1ensuring the Contract terms are consistent with the objective of this Policy;
  • 6.2.2ensuring the appropriate licensing of IP as detailed in Appendix B;
  • 6.2.3ensuring that departmental data on IP ownership and potential "commercial exploitation" is accurate and is submitted in a timely manner to Public Works and Government Services Canada (PWGSC), and to ensure that reporting responsibilities on policy compliance are met, as requested by the Treasury Board Secretariat (TBS).
• 6.3Deputy heads or their designates are responsible for ensuring that managers:
  • 6.3.1adhere to the stepwise process for deciding IP ownership and licensing outlined in the Implementation Guide – Policy on Title to Intellectual Property Arising Under Crown Procurement Contract;
  • 6.3.2adhere to the implementation of this Policy and provide certain types of information to PWGSC which will be used by Industry Canada & TBS to fulfill their responsibilities set out in paragraphs 6.5 and 6.6.
• 6.4Monitoring and Reporting Requirements
  • 6.4.1Deputy heads are responsible for:
    • 6.4.1.1monitoring decisions on ownership of the Foreground IP made by departmental staff;
    • 6.4.1.2monitoring compliance with this Policy within their department and taking corrective action as needed.
• 6.5IC is responsible for:
  • 6.5.1summarizing the annual statistical report on ownership of IP generated under a Crown procurement contract and its potential "commercial exploitation", identifying any TB exemptions claimed by departments and notifying the Treasury Board Secretariat (TBS), in order for TBS to verify if such exemptions were actually granted;
  • 6.5.2sharing the findings from the aforementioned annual statistical report with members of the Assistant Deputy Minister Committee on Science and Technology (ADMCST);
  • 6.5.3establishing a framework for the review of this Policy and ensuring that a review is initiated within five years of the effective date of this Policy.
• 6.6TBS is responsible for:
  • 6.6.1verifying if TB exemptions were actually granted and informing IC. In cases where TB exemptions were not granted, TBS will assist IC in follow-up with the department(s) as necessary.
• 6.76.7 PWGSC is responsible for:
  • 6.7.1producing an annual statistical report on ownership of IP generated under a Crown Procurement Contract and its potential "commercial exploitation". PWGSC must provide this report to IC and TBS.

Deputy heads or their designates are responsible for ensuring that corrective actions are taken to address significant issues of non-compliance with this Policy.

As per the Department of Industry Act, the powers, duties and functions of the Minister extend to and include all matters relating to patents, copyrights, trade-marks, industrial designs and integrated circuit topographies. IC plays a role in sponsoring, overseeing and administering this Policy and will undertake activities assigned to it under this Policy

• 9.1Relevant legislation
  • Department of Industry Act
  • Financial Administration Act
  • Privacy Act
  • Inquiries Act
  • Copyright Act
  • Industrial Design Act
  • Integrated Circuit Topography Act
  • Patent Act
  • Plant Breeder's Rights Act
• 9.2Related Policies/Publications:
  • Treasury Board Contracting Policy
  • Implementation Guide – Policy on Title to Intellectual Property Arising Under Crown Procurement Contracts

For questions on this Policy instrument, please contact Industry Canada Web Services Centre at 1-800-328-6189.