2019 Public Service Employee Survey Results by Theme for Parole Board of Canada by Question 110. Are you a member of a visible minority group?

The results of the 2019 Public Service Employee Survey (PSES) are presented by key people management themes (i.e., employee engagement, leadership, workforce, workplace). Results are not shown when there is no historical comparison, or when there is an insufficient number of responses.

Note: Due to rounding, percentages may not add to 100. Results have been adjusted for non-response to better represent the target population. Therefore, percentages should not be used to determine the number of respondents within a response category. Positive answers and Negative answers are calculated by removing the "Don't know" and "Not applicable" responses from the total responses.

Table of Contents

Top of Page

Employee engagement

Question 7. I get a sense of satisfaction from my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 38 42 13 2 4 0 0 80 6 44
2019 Non-visible minority 51 34 11 3 2 0 0 85 4 311
2018 Visible minority 49 35 8 5 3 0 0 84 8 34
2018 Non-visible minority 44 38 9 5 4 0 0 82 9 292
2017 Visible minority 36 47 10 5 3 0 0 82 8 40
2017 Non-visible minority 44 41 6 5 3 0 0 86 8 322
2014 Visible minority 29 39 21 3 7 0 0 68 11 28
2014 Non-visible minority 42 42 8 5 3 0 0 84 8 278
2011 Visible minority 28 45 13 4 10 0 0 73 14 29
2011 Non-visible minority 55 32 6 3 4 0 0 87 6 271
2008 Visible minority 39 39 17 6 0 0 0 78 6 18
2008 Non-visible minority 44 43 6 5 2 0 0 87 6 250

Question 11. Overall, I feel valued at work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 26 39 21 3 11 0 0 65 13 44
2019 Non-visible minority 44 32 10 8 6 0 0 76 14 312
2018 Visible minority 32 47 5 10 6 0 0 79 16 34
2018 Non-visible minority 37 39 9 8 8 0 0 75 16 290
2017 Visible minority 32 29 26 7 5 0 0 61 12 40
2017 Non-visible minority 34 37 9 10 10 0 0 71 20 321

Question 12. I am proud of the work that I do.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 50 34 11 2 2 0 0 85 4 44
2019 Non-visible minority 67 25 6 2 0 0 0 92 2 308
2018 Visible minority 64 26 8 3 0 0 0 90 3 34
2018 Non-visible minority 58 31 7 3 1 0 0 89 4 289
2017 Visible minority 62 25 10 3 0 0 0 87 3 40
2017 Non-visible minority 65 28 5 1 2 0 0 93 2 319
2014 Visible minority 72 24 4 0 0 0 0 96 0 28
2014 Non-visible minority 74 19 5 1 0 0 0 93 1 277
2011 Visible minority 49 44 7 0 0 0 0 93 0 29
2011 Non-visible minority 76 20 1 1 1 0 0 97 2 271

Question 16. Overall, I like my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 39 46 7 4 4 0 0 84 8 44
2019 Non-visible minority 55 33 7 4 1 0 0 88 5 313
2018 Visible minority 37 42 14 5 3 0 0 79 8 34
2018 Non-visible minority 45 40 6 6 2 0 0 85 9 290
2017 Visible minority 49 39 10 0 3 0 0 87 3 40
2017 Non-visible minority 51 36 6 5 2 0 0 87 7 318
2014 Visible minority 31 58 4 7 0 0 0 90 7 28
2014 Non-visible minority 54 34 6 2 3 0 0 88 5 278
2011 Visible minority 31 49 3 10 7 0 0 80 17 29
2011 Non-visible minority 55 35 4 3 3 0 0 90 6 271
2008 Visible minority 44 39 17 0 0 0 0 83 0 18
2008 Non-visible minority 54 41 3 2 1 0 0 95 2 250

Question 51. I would recommend my department or agency as a great place to work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 30 36 9 20 4 0 0 67 25 44
2019 Non-visible minority 46 29 12 9 4 1 0 75 13 312
2018 Visible minority 28 39 15 8 11 0 0 67 19 34
2018 Non-visible minority 45 27 13 9 6 1 0 72 15 292
2017 Visible minority 37 17 25 15 6 0 0 54 21 40
2017 Non-visible minority 42 28 16 7 6 0 0 70 14 321
2014 Visible minority 27 19 28 15 11 0 0 46 26 28
2014 Non-visible minority 38 36 13 7 6 0 0 74 13 277
2011 Visible minority 17 38 24 3 17 0 0 56 20 29
2011 Non-visible minority 49 28 11 7 5 1 0 77 12 272

Question 52. I am satisfied with my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 30 40 10 11 9 0 0 71 20 43
2019 Non-visible minority 45 28 13 8 5 1 0 74 13 313
2018 Visible minority 39 37 11 9 5 0 0 75 14 33
2018 Non-visible minority 42 34 11 7 6 1 0 76 13 291
2017 Visible minority 37 27 21 10 5 0 0 64 15 40
2017 Non-visible minority 41 33 12 8 6 1 0 74 14 323
2014 Visible minority 32 25 25 12 7 0 0 57 18 28
2014 Non-visible minority 38 39 11 7 5 0 0 77 12 278
2011 Visible minority 32 27 14 11 17 0 0 59 28 29
2011 Non-visible minority 47 33 9 6 5 0 0 80 11 272
2008 Visible minority 11 39 22 6 17 6 0 53 24 18
2008 Non-visible minority 47 32 10 8 2 0 0 80 11 251

Question 53. I would prefer to remain with my department or agency, even if a comparable job was available elsewhere in the federal public service.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 31 20 24 7 16 2 0 52 24 43
2019 Non-visible minority 42 22 15 9 6 4 1 68 16 312
2018 Visible minority 24 36 27 11 3 0 0 60 13 34
2018 Non-visible minority 38 24 17 8 8 4 2 65 17 292
2017 Visible minority 28 24 12 14 12 10 0 58 29 40
2017 Non-visible minority 40 23 14 12 8 3 1 65 20 321
2014 Visible minority 32 24 10 22 11 0 0 57 33 28
2014 Non-visible minority 41 25 12 11 8 3 1 69 19 278
2011 Visible minority 20 28 17 14 17 4 0 50 32 29
2011 Non-visible minority 46 21 16 6 6 3 2 71 12 272
2008 Visible minority 22 22 17 11 17 11 0 50 31 18
2008 Non-visible minority 39 26 10 10 7 6 2 71 18 251
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Leadership

Immediate supervisor

Question 24. My immediate supervisor encourages me to work collaboratively with others outside of my work unit.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 38 34 14 3 2 4 5 79 5 44
2019 Non-visible minority 46 27 14 5 3 1 5 77 8 310

Question 26. I can count on my immediate supervisor to keep his or her promises.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 50 38 10 2 0 0 0 88 2 44
2019 Non-visible minority 47 28 12 5 6 2 1 77 11 313
2018 Visible minority 45 25 17 5 3 5 0 73 8 32
2018 Non-visible minority 47 30 10 7 3 2 0 79 11 293
2017 Visible minority 46 32 8 3 6 3 3 83 9 40
2017 Non-visible minority 46 31 11 8 4 1 1 77 12 322
2014 Visible minority 33 36 9 11 3 7 0 75 15 28
2014 Non-visible minority 45 25 12 7 7 2 1 73 14 278
2011 Visible minority 42 28 17 4 10 0 0 69 14 29
2011 Non-visible minority 47 28 11 8 5 1 0 75 13 271
2008 Visible minority 22 28 28 0 17 6 0 53 18 18
2008 Non-visible minority 48 26 11 6 6 2 0 75 13 248

Question 27. My immediate supervisor keeps me informed about the issues affecting my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 56 28 9 4 0 3 0 86 4 43
2019 Non-visible minority 47 32 8 4 7 0 1 80 11 313
2018 Visible minority 43 31 23 3 0 0 0 74 3 32
2018 Non-visible minority 40 33 11 9 4 1 1 75 14 293
2017 Visible minority 49 22 17 6 3 3 0 73 9 40
2017 Non-visible minority 43 32 12 7 5 0 1 76 12 323
2014 Visible minority 44 28 17 0 11 0 0 72 11 28
2014 Non-visible minority 41 31 9 11 6 1 1 74 17 278
2011 Visible minority 35 34 7 13 10 0 0 69 24 29
2011 Non-visible minority 47 23 12 12 5 1 0 71 18 271
2008 Visible minority 22 33 28 6 11 0 0 56 17 18
2008 Non-visible minority 46 32 6 8 8 0 0 79 15 248

Question 31. I am satisfied with the quality of supervision I receive.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 53 34 7 6 0 0 0 87 6 44
2019 Non-visible minority 53 28 7 6 5 1 0 82 11 312
2018 Visible minority 48 27 15 4 5 0 0 75 10 33
2018 Non-visible minority 44 36 7 6 5 1 0 81 12 293
2017 Visible minority 57 22 8 5 9 0 0 78 14 40
2017 Non-visible minority 52 28 9 6 5 0 1 80 11 322
2014 Visible minority 47 28 10 4 11 0 0 75 15 28
2014 Non-visible minority 50 24 11 6 7 1 1 76 13 277

Senior management

Question 34. Senior managers in my department or agency lead by example in ethical behaviour.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 36 28 15 15 6 0 0 64 21 44
2019 Non-visible minority 41 31 12 7 6 3 0 74 14 312
2018 Visible minority 45 30 16 6 3 0 0 75 8 33
2018 Non-visible minority 38 30 14 7 7 4 0 71 14 292
2017 Visible minority 34 23 33 3 5 3 0 59 8 40
2017 Non-visible minority 34 34 12 9 8 2 0 70 18 323
2014 Visible minority 11 40 24 10 10 4 0 54 22 28
2014 Non-visible minority 33 33 12 9 9 3 0 69 18 278
2011 Visible minority 21 24 17 14 21 4 0 46 36 29
2011 Non-visible minority 29 32 18 9 8 3 0 63 18 272

Question 35. I have confidence in the senior management of my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 38 25 18 12 6 0 0 63 18 44
2019 Non-visible minority 40 29 15 7 8 1 0 70 15 311
2018 Visible minority 45 20 22 8 5 0 0 65 13 33
2018 Non-visible minority 33 34 12 10 10 1 0 68 20 291
2017 Visible minority 34 22 24 10 8 3 0 58 18 40
2017 Non-visible minority 30 34 11 15 10 1 0 64 25 323
2014 Visible minority 14 36 25 14 7 3 0 52 22 28
2014 Non-visible minority 28 34 16 11 10 2 0 63 21 278
2011 Visible minority 21 31 10 14 24 0 0 52 38 29
2011 Non-visible minority 35 33 14 9 9 1 0 68 18 272
2008 Visible minority 11 28 22 17 17 6 0 41 35 18
2008 Non-visible minority 34 33 11 12 9 1 0 68 21 250

Question 36. Senior management in my department or agency makes effective and timely decisions.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 32 31 11 17 6 3 0 64 24 44
2019 Non-visible minority 32 26 16 12 9 4 0 61 22 312
2018 Visible minority 33 36 17 15 0 0 0 68 15 33
2018 Non-visible minority 23 34 17 13 10 4 0 59 24 290
2017 Visible minority 27 26 17 12 8 10 0 59 22 40
2017 Non-visible minority 25 30 16 17 10 3 0 56 28 323
2014 Visible minority 14 43 11 7 13 11 0 64 23 28
2014 Non-visible minority 24 35 19 12 9 2 0 60 21 278
2011 Visible minority 24 35 10 10 21 0 0 59 31 29
2011 Non-visible minority 23 40 15 12 7 4 0 65 20 272
2008 Visible minority 11 50 11 11 11 6 0 65 24 18
2008 Non-visible minority 22 38 14 12 10 4 0 62 23 250

Question 37. Essential information flows effectively from senior management to staff.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 34 32 11 12 11 0 0 66 23 44
2019 Non-visible minority 27 34 14 13 9 2 0 63 22 312
2018 Visible minority 36 33 17 15 0 0 0 68 15 33
2018 Non-visible minority 22 36 17 13 10 2 0 60 23 290
2017 Visible minority 24 35 20 9 10 3 0 60 19 40
2017 Non-visible minority 22 34 14 17 11 1 0 57 29 322
2014 Visible minority 21 30 15 17 10 7 0 55 29 28
2014 Non-visible minority 20 39 12 15 12 2 0 60 28 277
2011 Visible minority 14 28 10 28 21 0 0 42 49 29
2011 Non-visible minority 24 42 12 10 10 2 0 68 20 272
2008 Visible minority 6 44 17 11 22 0 0 50 33 18
2008 Non-visible minority 25 39 12 12 11 1 0 65 24 251
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Workforce

Performance management

Question 8. I receive meaningful recognition for work well done.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 22 46 18 8 6 0 0 68 14 44
2019 Non-visible minority 37 32 13 10 7 0 0 70 17 312
2018 Visible minority 28 52 3 15 2 0 0 80 17 34
2018 Non-visible minority 32 35 12 12 9 0 0 67 21 292
2017 Visible minority 34 27 15 18 5 0 0 61 24 40
2017 Non-visible minority 33 37 9 12 9 0 0 70 21 322
2014 Visible minority 15 35 14 17 15 0 4 52 33 28
2014 Non-visible minority 30 37 11 11 11 0 0 68 22 277
2011 Visible minority 21 34 7 14 24 0 0 55 38 29
2011 Non-visible minority 29 40 12 12 7 0 0 70 19 272

Question 9. I have clear work objectives.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 31 44 16 5 4 0 0 75 9 44
2019 Non-visible minority 43 40 7 8 2 0 0 83 10 309
2018 Visible minority 47 36 8 7 2 0 0 83 9 34
2018 Non-visible minority 44 38 8 6 3 0 0 82 9 291
2017 Visible minority 34 43 18 5 0 0 0 77 5 39
2017 Non-visible minority 43 41 6 7 2 0 0 85 10 321

Question 25. I receive useful feedback from my immediate supervisor on my job performance.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 43 36 14 5 2 0 0 79 7 44
2019 Non-visible minority 43 32 12 7 6 0 1 76 13 312
2018 Visible minority 37 43 12 4 3 0 0 80 7 33
2018 Non-visible minority 35 36 14 9 4 0 0 72 14 292
2017 Visible minority 41 40 8 9 3 0 0 81 12 40
2017 Non-visible minority 40 39 8 8 5 0 1 80 13 323
2014 Visible minority 34 42 11 10 3 0 0 76 13 28
2014 Non-visible minority 38 32 10 9 8 1 1 71 18 278
2011 Visible minority 27 24 21 11 14 0 4 53 25 29
2011 Non-visible minority 39 33 10 8 9 1 0 73 17 272
2008 Visible minority 17 61 6 11 6 0 0 78 17 18
2008 Non-visible minority 40 32 8 8 10 1 1 74 18 248

Job fit and development

Question 4. I get the training I need to do my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 25 43 11 12 9 0 0 68 21 43
2019 Non-visible minority 36 40 7 11 5 0 1 77 16 310
2018 Visible minority 33 46 13 8 0 0 0 79 8 34
2018 Non-visible minority 31 45 9 10 5 1 0 76 15 293
2017 Visible minority 28 51 5 13 3 0 0 80 15 39
2017 Non-visible minority 31 43 10 13 3 0 0 74 17 322
2014 Visible minority 19 39 14 20 8 0 0 58 28 28
2014 Non-visible minority 27 46 11 10 6 0 0 73 16 277
2011 Visible minority 21 25 14 24 17 0 0 45 41 29
2011 Non-visible minority 33 41 10 11 4 0 1 75 15 272
2008 Visible minority 22 28 6 22 17 0 6 53 41 18
2008 Non-visible minority 36 44 8 8 4 0 0 80 12 250

Question 44. My department or agency does a good job of supporting employee career development.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 27 23 25 14 8 3 0 51 23 44
2019 Non-visible minority 28 29 17 14 8 4 0 60 23 309
2018 Visible minority 23 44 10 16 2 4 0 70 19 34
2018 Non-visible minority 27 26 18 12 12 5 0 56 26 292
2017 Visible minority 30 20 23 10 7 10 0 56 19 40
2017 Non-visible minority 29 30 15 13 8 3 2 62 22 323
2014 Visible minority 11 20 41 7 18 3 0 32 26 28
2014 Non-visible minority 23 35 15 13 10 3 1 60 24 278
2011 Visible minority 24 31 14 20 10 0 0 56 31 29
2011 Non-visible minority 30 35 13 11 7 3 1 68 18 272
2008 Visible minority 11 22 28 22 17 0 0 33 39 18
2008 Non-visible minority 29 35 11 16 8 1 1 65 24 250

Question 45. I believe I have opportunities for promotion within my department or agency, given my education, skills and experience.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 24 16 23 9 22 4 3 43 33 44
2019 Non-visible minority 20 26 13 17 14 3 7 50 35 312
2018 Visible minority 20 35 9 16 13 7 0 59 31 34
2018 Non-visible minority 19 23 18 15 17 3 5 46 35 294
2017 Visible minority 25 17 22 17 9 10 0 46 30 40
2017 Non-visible minority 19 24 16 16 17 2 6 47 36 322
2014 Visible minority 8 18 11 26 29 7 0 29 60 28
2014 Non-visible minority 18 22 18 18 20 0 4 42 40 277
2011 Visible minority 21 17 18 17 24 0 4 39 42 29
2011 Non-visible minority 19 29 16 13 13 1 9 53 29 271
2008 Visible minority 22 22 22 11 22 0 0 44 33 18
2008 Non-visible minority 16 31 13 18 15 0 6 51 35 250

Question 46a. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Conflict between my work obligations and my family or personal obligations
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 48 27 14 3 4 0 5 78 7 44
2019 Non-visible minority 55 21 9 5 2 1 7 82 8 313

Question 46b. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to language training in my second official language
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 53 11 9 6 2 2 17 78 10 44
2019 Non-visible minority 60 8 5 2 4 3 18 85 8 313

Question 46c. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to learning opportunities
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 34 28 18 6 6 2 5 67 13 44
2019 Non-visible minority 47 25 11 5 3 2 7 79 9 312

Question 46d. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of access to developmental programs
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 36 21 19 10 6 2 5 62 18 44
2019 Non-visible minority 45 22 12 6 4 4 8 76 11 312

Question 46e. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Lack of opportunities in my region
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 38 14 15 11 10 7 5 59 25 44
2019 Non-visible minority 40 16 18 7 8 2 8 63 17 309

Question 46f. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Level of education
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 64 9 2 12 2 5 5 82 15 43
2019 Non-visible minority 65 13 9 2 1 3 7 86 4 311

Question 46g. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Discrimination
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 58 7 11 7 3 7 8 75 11 43
2019 Non-visible minority 78 5 3 3 1 4 6 93 5 313

Question 46h. To what extent have the following adversely affected your career progress in the federal public service over the last 12 months? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 64 12 3 4 0 4 12 92 5 44
2019 Non-visible minority 74 8 3 2 2 3 9 92 4 310

Empowerment

Question 13. I have opportunities to provide input into decisions that affect my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 30 40 16 4 6 3 0 72 11 44
2019 Non-visible minority 36 34 11 9 8 1 0 71 18 313
2018 Visible minority 28 41 20 5 6 0 0 69 11 34
2018 Non-visible minority 28 40 15 12 5 0 1 69 17 290
2017 Visible minority 29 30 25 16 0 0 0 59 16 40
2017 Non-visible minority 34 36 10 12 7 0 1 70 19 319
2014 Visible minority 27 31 24 12 7 0 0 58 18 28
2014 Non-visible minority 31 40 9 11 9 0 1 72 20 278
2011 Visible minority 31 25 10 17 17 0 0 56 34 29
2011 Non-visible minority 41 37 10 8 3 1 0 78 12 272

Question 14. I am encouraged to be innovative or to take initiative in my work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 24 49 18 5 4 0 0 73 9 44
2019 Non-visible minority 39 30 13 12 5 0 0 70 17 312
2018 Visible minority 37 26 24 5 8 0 0 63 13 34
2018 Non-visible minority 29 36 17 10 8 0 0 65 18 289
2017 Visible minority 32 20 31 12 5 0 0 51 17 40
2017 Non-visible minority 34 36 12 11 7 0 1 70 18 319
2014 Visible minority 25 25 39 4 7 0 0 50 11 28
2014 Non-visible minority 36 33 11 12 8 0 0 69 20 278

Question 15. I have support at work to provide a high level of service.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 30 43 18 4 4 0 0 73 8 44
2019 Non-visible minority 43 37 11 5 4 0 0 81 9 307
2018 Visible minority 28 44 17 6 5 0 0 72 11 34
2018 Non-visible minority 36 40 10 8 6 0 1 76 14 291
2017 Visible minority 27 39 24 8 3 0 0 66 10 40
2017 Non-visible minority 41 35 11 8 5 0 0 76 13 319
2014 Visible minority 30 30 22 11 7 0 0 60 18 27
2014 Non-visible minority 38 40 10 8 5 0 0 78 13 278
2011 Visible minority 39 25 11 7 18 0 0 65 24 28
2011 Non-visible minority 52 32 7 5 4 0 0 84 8 270

Question 47. I feel I would be supported by my department or agency if I proposed a new idea.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 19 49 23 4 3 2 0 69 7 43
2019 Non-visible minority 26 43 12 12 5 2 0 71 17 312
2018 Visible minority 28 30 29 6 3 4 0 61 9 34
2018 Non-visible minority 26 36 16 9 8 4 0 65 18 292
2017 Visible minority 22 27 27 9 3 13 0 56 13 40
2017 Non-visible minority 26 35 18 7 9 4 0 64 17 322

Work-life balance and workload

Question 6. I have support at work to balance my work and personal life.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 26 39 19 7 6 3 0 67 13 44
2019 Non-visible minority 45 31 11 7 6 0 0 76 13 312
2018 Visible minority 53 35 4 2 6 0 0 88 8 34
2018 Non-visible minority 43 36 11 6 4 0 0 79 10 292
2017 Visible minority 39 36 15 9 0 0 0 76 9 39
2017 Non-visible minority 47 31 10 7 5 0 0 78 12 322
2014 Visible minority 22 46 18 3 11 0 0 68 14 28
2014 Non-visible minority 41 36 12 5 5 0 0 78 10 278
2011 Visible minority 30 35 14 7 14 0 0 66 20 29
2011 Non-visible minority 47 30 10 8 4 0 1 78 12 270

Question 17. I can complete my assigned workload during my regular working hours.
Survey year Demographic Always/almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 31 32 22 4 11 0 0 63 15 44
2019 Non-visible minority 38 31 17 9 4 0 0 70 13 313
2018 Visible minority 39 41 14 3 4 0 0 79 7 34
2018 Non-visible minority 34 27 25 9 5 0 0 61 13 292
2017 Visible minority 32 44 15 9 0 0 0 77 9 40
2017 Non-visible minority 37 34 17 6 5 0 1 72 10 322
2014 Visible minority 40 26 20 7 3 0 4 69 10 28
2014 Non-visible minority 44 28 16 8 3 0 0 72 11 278
2011 Visible minority 41 32 13 10 3 0 0 73 14 29
2011 Non-visible minority 37 34 14 9 7 0 0 71 15 271
2008 Visible minority 17 39 33 6 6 0 0 56 11 18
2008 Non-visible minority 33 34 17 8 7 0 0 67 15 250

Question 29. Subject to operational requirements, my immediate supervisor supports the use of flexible work arrangements (e.g., flexible hours, compressed workweeks, telework).
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 47 28 8 9 0 0 8 81 10 44
2019 Non-visible minority 58 21 6 5 5 1 3 82 11 312
2017 Visible minority 52 30 8 8 0 3 0 84 8 40
2017 Non-visible minority 52 22 9 7 6 1 3 77 14 322
2014 Visible minority 50 18 15 4 3 10 0 75 8 28
2014 Non-visible minority 52 23 7 6 4 3 4 81 11 278
2011 Visible minority 38 24 14 7 10 0 7 66 19 29
2011 Non-visible minority 49 24 10 6 6 2 5 78 12 272

Mobility and retention

Question 54. Do you intend to leave your current position in the next two years?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Not sure
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 28 29 42 44
2019 Non-visible minority 24 40 36 312
2018 Visible minority 31 35 34 33
2018 Non-visible minority 23 36 41 294
2017 Visible minority 25 34 41 39
2017 Non-visible minority 26 39 35 322
2014 Visible minority 32 28 40 28
2014 Non-visible minority 24 42 34 278
2011 Visible minority 38 31 32 29
2011 Non-visible minority 29 44 27 272

Question 55. Please indicate your reason for leaving.
Survey year Demographic To retire
(%)		 To pursue another position within my department or agency
(%)		 To pursue a position in another department or agency
(%)		 To pursue a position outside the federal public service
(%)		 End of my term, casual or student employment
(%)		 Other
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 0 15 71 0 8 6 13
2019 Non-visible minority 22 17 39 4 13 5 77
2018 Visible minority 0 13 78 0 0 9 11
2018 Non-visible minority 23 10 40 7 9 10 70
2017 Visible minority 0 18 57 0 0 25 10
2017 Non-visible minority 28 12 36 7 11 5 81
2014 Non-visible minority 19 19 43 6 9999 13 68
2011 Visible minority 0 9 63 19 9999 9 11
2011 Non-visible minority 26 25 30 5 9999 15 84
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Workplace

Organizational goals

Question 10. I know how my work contributes to the achievement of my department's or agency's goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 48 43 4 2 2 0 0 91 4 42
2019 Non-visible minority 59 33 5 2 1 0 0 92 3 312
2018 Visible minority 62 30 8 0 0 0 0 92 0 33
2018 Non-visible minority 61 31 6 2 0 0 0 92 2 290
2017 Visible minority 56 31 10 3 0 0 0 87 3 40
2017 Non-visible minority 62 30 5 1 2 0 0 92 3 322
2014 Visible minority 59 21 11 0 10 0 0 79 10 28
2014 Non-visible minority 57 33 7 2 1 0 0 90 3 278
2011 Visible minority 38 45 14 4 0 0 0 83 4 29
2011 Non-visible minority 61 32 4 1 1 0 0 94 2 272
2008 Visible minority 67 28 0 6 0 0 0 94 6 18
2008 Non-visible minority 66 28 4 1 0 0 0 94 2 250

Question 39. My department or agency does a good job of communicating its vision, mission and goals.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 34 40 19 5 2 0 0 74 7 44
2019 Non-visible minority 41 38 10 7 2 2 0 80 9 310
2018 Visible minority 35 48 8 10 0 0 0 83 10 34
2018 Non-visible minority 34 43 15 6 2 0 0 77 8 293
2017 Visible minority 41 27 20 7 5 0 0 68 12 40
2017 Non-visible minority 39 40 13 4 4 0 0 79 8 323
2014 Visible minority 29 46 19 0 7 0 0 75 7 28
2014 Non-visible minority 36 42 11 5 5 1 0 79 10 278
2011 Visible minority 24 42 10 10 14 0 0 66 24 29
2011 Non-visible minority 37 42 11 7 3 0 0 79 10 271

Organizational performance

Question 18a. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... constantly changing priorities.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 8 25 33 18 14 0 3 33 34 44
2019 Non-visible minority 8 20 27 27 16 0 2 44 29 312
2018 Visible minority 8 38 24 25 6 0 0 30 46 33
2018 Non-visible minority 9 17 36 23 11 2 2 35 27 292
2017 Visible minority 7 38 34 9 3 0 8 13 50 40
2017 Non-visible minority 6 20 34 23 13 2 3 38 27 323
2014 Visible minority 3 35 26 25 4 0 8 31 41 28
2014 Non-visible minority 10 16 33 25 15 0 1 40 26 278
2011 Visible minority 18 14 25 25 14 0 4 41 33 28
2011 Non-visible minority 7 18 29 28 14 0 3 43 26 271
2008 Visible minority 0 28 33 28 6 6 0 35 29 18
2008 Non-visible minority 6 21 31 28 13 0 1 42 27 250

Question 18b. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... lack of stability in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 14 20 30 16 13 2 5 32 36 44
2019 Non-visible minority 11 19 28 20 18 3 2 40 32 312
2018 Visible minority 12 21 20 24 16 4 3 43 35 33
2018 Non-visible minority 15 21 25 23 12 3 1 36 38 293
2017 Visible minority 10 32 17 15 12 0 13 31 49 39
2017 Non-visible minority 9 19 28 23 17 1 3 42 29 320
2014 Visible minority 7 17 36 21 12 3 4 35 26 28
2014 Non-visible minority 10 12 30 28 18 2 1 47 23 277
2011 Visible minority 14 28 15 11 21 4 7 36 47 28
2011 Non-visible minority 9 13 26 23 25 1 4 50 23 271
2008 Visible minority 12 12 18 18 29 6 6 53 27 17
2008 Non-visible minority 9 16 24 28 21 1 2 50 25 249

Question 18c. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... too many approval stages.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 9 10 25 26 16 4 9 49 22 44
2019 Non-visible minority 7 11 29 26 23 3 2 51 19 310
2018 Visible minority 8 19 16 26 11 4 15 46 33 33
2018 Non-visible minority 7 18 25 25 18 3 5 47 26 293
2017 Visible minority 14 18 24 15 10 3 16 31 39 39
2017 Non-visible minority 6 10 27 28 19 3 7 52 18 323
2014 Visible minority 10 13 32 23 4 8 10 32 29 28
2014 Non-visible minority 6 13 26 25 22 2 5 51 21 277
2011 Visible minority 7 21 10 36 14 7 4 57 32 28
2011 Non-visible minority 5 8 25 27 27 0 8 59 14 271
2008 Visible minority 6 18 29 24 12 6 6 40 27 17
2008 Non-visible minority 3 6 25 39 21 2 4 64 10 249

Question 18d. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... unreasonable deadlines.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 11 10 25 28 21 2 2 52 22 44
2019 Non-visible minority 8 8 31 32 20 0 2 53 16 312
2018 Visible minority 4 10 31 27 19 3 5 51 15 33
2018 Non-visible minority 4 14 28 35 16 2 1 53 18 290
2017 Visible minority 9 10 30 27 8 3 13 41 23 39
2017 Non-visible minority 6 9 32 28 21 1 3 51 15 322
2014 Visible minority 3 14 7 30 34 8 4 72 20 28
2014 Non-visible minority 4 9 29 34 22 0 2 57 13 277
2011 Visible minority 7 18 18 33 18 4 4 54 26 28
2011 Non-visible minority 4 8 28 32 23 1 4 58 13 271
2008 Visible minority 0 12 35 24 18 6 6 47 13 17
2008 Non-visible minority 5 9 31 31 22 0 2 54 14 248

Question 18e. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... having to do the same or more work, but with fewer resources.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 13 17 19 24 17 7 5 46 33 44
2019 Non-visible minority 12 18 29 17 21 1 2 38 32 307
2018 Visible minority 8 23 41 10 13 0 5 24 32 33
2018 Non-visible minority 19 21 30 14 13 2 2 28 41 293
2017 Visible minority 13 21 23 18 8 0 17 31 41 37
2017 Non-visible minority 18 20 23 19 18 1 1 38 39 323
2014 Visible minority 11 23 23 13 19 0 11 36 38 28
2014 Non-visible minority 14 23 32 14 14 1 2 29 38 278
2011 Visible minority 20 7 25 21 20 4 3 44 29 29
2011 Non-visible minority 12 17 31 19 17 1 3 37 30 271
2008 Visible minority 24 6 35 12 18 6 0 31 31 17
2008 Non-visible minority 10 20 27 22 16 2 3 41 31 249

Question 18f. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... high staff turnover.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 20 16 21 17 11 8 7 33 42 44
2019 Non-visible minority 14 18 26 19 17 4 1 39 34 313
2018 Visible minority 7 22 28 31 2 4 6 37 32 33
2018 Non-visible minority 17 22 28 17 9 4 1 28 42 292
2017 Visible minority 8 25 27 17 5 8 11 27 40 39
2017 Non-visible minority 12 20 26 22 13 3 4 37 34 323
2014 Visible minority 8 28 24 23 7 11 0 34 40 28
2014 Non-visible minority 12 21 27 22 15 0 3 38 34 278
2011 Visible minority 23 20 22 17 10 4 4 29 47 29
2011 Non-visible minority 9 19 31 21 14 1 4 37 30 271
2008 Visible minority 24 12 35 12 12 6 0 25 38 17
2008 Non-visible minority 13 22 31 21 9 1 2 31 37 249

Question 18g. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... overly complicated or unnecessary business processes.

Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 12 10 25 20 23 2 7 48 25 44
2019 Non-visible minority 8 14 30 25 17 3 1 44 24 311
2018 Visible minority 11 11 21 22 25 0 10 52 24 33
2018 Non-visible minority 8 17 32 25 10 3 3 38 27 293
2017 Visible minority 14 15 13 27 9 8 13 46 38 39
2017 Non-visible minority 11 15 28 22 17 2 4 42 28 322
2014 Visible minority 10 17 27 26 14 0 4 43 29 28
2014 Non-visible minority 9 18 31 23 16 1 3 40 28 276

Question 18h. I feel that the quality of my work suffers because of... Unreliable technology.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 8 13 23 30 24 0 2 54 22 44
2019 Non-visible minority 7 14 31 28 18 1 1 47 21 311

Question 40. I feel that change is managed well in my department or agency.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 20 28 16 23 8 4 0 50 33 44
2019 Non-visible minority 22 32 19 18 7 3 0 55 25 312

Respectful workplace

Question 21. In my work unit, every individual is accepted as an equal member of the team.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 38 34 11 10 5 0 2 74 15 44
2019 Non-visible minority 50 27 10 7 6 0 0 77 13 311
2018 Visible minority 43 25 19 5 6 3 0 70 11 34
2018 Non-visible minority 45 29 8 10 7 0 0 75 17 292
2017 Visible minority 34 24 17 10 11 0 3 60 22 40
2017 Non-visible minority 42 29 8 12 8 1 0 71 21 322
2014 Visible minority 36 36 10 4 14 0 0 72 18 28
2014 Non-visible minority 45 24 9 9 13 0 0 69 21 277

Question 22. In my work unit, individuals behave in a respectful manner.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 40 37 15 4 4 0 0 77 9 44
2019 Non-visible minority 48 36 6 7 3 0 0 84 10 309
2018 Visible minority 41 37 6 13 3 0 0 78 16 34
2018 Non-visible minority 47 36 6 6 4 0 0 83 11 292
2017 Visible minority 29 43 5 17 5 0 0 72 22 40
2017 Non-visible minority 41 38 7 8 5 0 0 79 14 321
2014 Visible minority 26 33 27 7 7 0 0 59 14 27
2014 Non-visible minority 42 40 8 7 3 0 0 82 10 277

Question 23. The people I work with value my ideas and opinions.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 29 42 23 4 2 0 0 71 6 44
2019 Non-visible minority 48 29 12 7 2 1 0 78 10 312
2018 Visible minority 30 42 26 3 0 0 0 72 3 34
2018 Non-visible minority 39 37 12 8 4 1 0 76 12 293

Question 48. I think that my department or agency respects individual differences (e.g., culture, work styles, ideas).
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 32 40 13 9 5 0 0 73 14 44
2019 Non-visible minority 41 32 12 8 4 2 0 75 13 311
2018 Visible minority 32 36 11 13 6 0 3 70 19 32
2018 Non-visible minority 41 36 11 7 3 1 0 78 10 293
2017 Visible minority 39 35 22 4 0 0 0 74 4 40
2017 Non-visible minority 44 33 13 5 4 1 0 78 9 322
2014 Visible minority 26 32 21 11 10 0 0 58 21 28
2014 Non-visible minority 48 33 11 6 2 0 0 81 8 278
2011 Visible minority 29 28 14 18 10 0 0 58 28 28
2011 Non-visible minority 45 38 6 7 2 1 0 84 9 272

Question 49. My department or agency implements activities and practices that support a diverse workplace.

A diverse workplace includes everyone, regardless of race, national or ethnic origin, colour, disability, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital or family status, religion, age, language, culture, background, interests, views or other dimensions.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 31 42 16 4 7 0 0 72 12 43
2019 Non-visible minority 43 29 15 5 3 4 0 75 9 309
2018 Visible minority 37 35 5 5 17 0 0 72 23 34
2018 Non-visible minority 42 33 13 7 2 3 0 78 9 293
2017 Visible minority 45 21 12 5 12 5 0 69 18 39
2017 Non-visible minority 48 31 12 3 4 2 0 81 7 323
2014 Visible minority 21 29 14 22 10 4 0 52 33 28
2014 Non-visible minority 49 29 12 4 2 4 0 81 6 277

Question 50. Overall, my department or agency treats me with respect.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 35 43 13 7 2 0 0 77 9 44
2019 Non-visible minority 55 29 7 5 3 1 0 85 9 311
2018 Visible minority 43 32 14 11 0 0 0 75 11 34
2018 Non-visible minority 51 34 6 6 3 0 0 85 9 293
2017 Visible minority 46 38 14 0 3 0 0 84 3 40
2017 Non-visible minority 52 30 7 7 4 0 0 82 11 322
2014 Visible minority 35 33 11 11 10 0 0 68 21 28
2014 Non-visible minority 56 31 6 4 4 0 0 87 8 278
2011 Visible minority 40 21 18 7 14 0 0 61 21 28
2011 Non-visible minority 57 28 5 5 4 0 0 86 9 272
2008 Visible minority 11 50 22 6 11 0 0 61 17 18
2008 Non-visible minority 50 31 7 8 4 0 0 82 12 251

Ethical workplace

Question 20. I am satisfied with how interpersonal issues are resolved in my work unit.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 24 34 7 15 8 4 8 65 27 44
2019 Non-visible minority 30 24 15 11 8 8 4 60 22 311
2018 Visible minority 21 35 24 6 8 7 0 60 14 34
2018 Non-visible minority 26 30 17 10 10 6 2 61 21 293
2017 Visible minority 32 15 18 20 9 3 3 50 31 39
2017 Non-visible minority 23 28 12 17 12 5 3 55 32 322
2014 Visible minority 22 25 17 14 11 3 7 53 28 28
2014 Non-visible minority 29 31 14 10 12 2 1 63 23 278

Question 41. If I am faced with an ethical dilemma or a conflict between values in the workplace, I know where I can go for help in resolving the situation.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 29 34 21 10 4 2 0 64 14 44
2019 Non-visible minority 38 34 12 8 6 1 1 74 14 313
2018 Visible minority 34 39 13 8 4 3 0 75 12 34
2018 Non-visible minority 39 35 9 10 5 1 1 76 15 290
2017 Visible minority 42 25 12 8 9 5 0 70 17 40
2017 Non-visible minority 44 32 9 8 4 2 0 78 13 323
2014 Visible minority 25 36 18 11 3 8 0 66 15 28
2014 Non-visible minority 45 35 8 5 6 2 0 82 11 278
2011 Visible minority 18 21 10 28 20 4 0 40 50 29
2011 Non-visible minority 42 30 12 8 5 3 0 74 14 270
2008 Visible minority 17 22 28 11 17 6 0 41 29 18
2008 Non-visible minority 44 28 9 10 5 3 0 75 16 250

Question 42. My department or agency does a good job of promoting values and ethics in the workplace.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 25 27 23 14 6 5 0 54 22 44
2019 Non-visible minority 39 31 17 6 5 2 0 71 11 311
2018 Visible minority 32 40 15 10 3 0 0 72 12 34
2018 Non-visible minority 36 32 18 9 5 0 0 69 14 291

Question 43. I feel I can initiate a formal recourse process (e.g., grievance, complaint, appeal) without fear of reprisal.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 28 20 23 5 8 9 5 57 16 43
2019 Non-visible minority 25 20 18 11 11 12 3 54 26 311
2018 Visible minority 32 19 13 14 5 16 0 61 23 34
2018 Non-visible minority 24 23 17 12 11 9 3 54 26 293
2017 Visible minority 19 17 12 23 16 8 5 42 44 40
2017 Non-visible minority 22 23 17 14 14 7 2 50 31 322
2014 Visible minority 7 7 32 15 23 12 4 17 45 28
2014 Non-visible minority 20 26 14 13 16 6 3 51 33 278
2011 Visible minority 7 21 17 21 31 4 0 28 54 29
2011 Non-visible minority 24 23 16 14 11 4 8 53 29 270

Physical environment and equipment

Question 1. I have the materials and equipment I need to do my job.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 49 37 6 8 0 0 0 85 8 44
2019 Non-visible minority 48 37 4 9 2 0 0 85 11 312
2017 Visible minority 52 48 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 40
2017 Non-visible minority 42 45 3 8 2 0 0 87 10 322
2014 Visible minority 40 42 4 10 4 0 0 82 14 28
2014 Non-visible minority 44 44 4 6 2 0 0 89 7 278
2011 Visible minority 42 45 3 7 4 0 0 87 10 29
2011 Non-visible minority 52 39 2 5 2 0 0 91 7 272
2008 Visible minority 61 33 6 0 0 0 0 94 0 18
2008 Non-visible minority 50 41 2 6 1 0 0 91 6 249

Question 3. My physical environment (e.g., office, workspace) is suitable for my job requirements.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 39 40 13 6 3 0 0 78 9 44
2019 Non-visible minority 50 33 4 8 5 0 0 83 13 311
2017 Visible minority 47 36 5 7 5 0 0 83 12 40
2017 Non-visible minority 45 31 5 10 8 0 0 76 19 322
2014 Visible minority 27 36 3 17 18 0 0 62 34 28
2014 Non-visible minority 42 31 6 12 8 0 0 73 21 278
2011 Visible minority 38 34 11 10 7 0 0 73 17 29
2011 Non-visible minority 50 31 7 7 5 0 0 81 12 272

Question 5. I have the information, training and equipment I need to ensure my health and safety at work.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 31 45 6 16 2 0 0 76 18 44
2019 Non-visible minority 53 33 6 5 2 0 0 86 7 309
2017 Visible minority 37 42 17 5 0 0 0 79 5 40
2017 Non-visible minority 53 32 5 8 2 0 0 85 10 321
2014 Visible minority 30 35 14 11 11 0 0 65 21 28
2014 Non-visible minority 44 40 6 6 3 0 1 85 9 278

Use of official languages

Question 2. When I prepare written materials, including emails, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 59 27 6 0 2 0 7 91 2 44
2019 Non-visible minority 70 19 4 4 2 0 1 90 6 312
2017 Visible minority 76 15 0 5 0 3 2 95 5 40
2017 Non-visible minority 69 17 4 6 3 0 2 87 8 320
2014 Visible minority 54 29 3 4 2 0 7 89 7 28
2014 Non-visible minority 70 18 4 5 3 0 1 88 8 278
2011 Visible minority 52 27 3 7 7 4 0 82 14 29
2011 Non-visible minority 70 16 3 7 3 0 0 86 11 271
2008 Visible minority 67 22 6 6 0 0 0 89 6 18
2008 Non-visible minority 72 17 2 6 2 0 0 90 8 249

Question 19. During meetings in my work unit, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 65 13 9 7 0 0 7 84 7 44
2019 Non-visible minority 76 13 4 2 2 0 2 92 4 312
2017 Visible minority 73 12 5 2 0 0 8 92 2 40
2017 Non-visible minority 75 15 3 2 2 0 4 93 4 322
2014 Visible minority 61 30 0 4 5 0 0 91 9 28
2014 Non-visible minority 77 12 5 2 2 0 2 91 4 278
2011 Visible minority 52 24 7 7 7 0 3 79 14 29
2011 Non-visible minority 74 12 3 5 2 0 4 90 7 271
2008 Visible minority 39 39 0 6 11 6 0 82 18 18
2008 Non-visible minority 76 10 4 3 3 0 4 90 6 249

Question 28. When I communicate with my immediate supervisor, I feel free to use the official language of my choice.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 79 16 0 0 0 0 4 100 0 44
2019 Non-visible minority 84 9 1 2 1 1 2 96 3 312
2017 Visible minority 77 14 2 2 0 0 5 95 2 40
2017 Non-visible minority 82 9 2 2 2 0 3 94 4 323
2014 Visible minority 80 11 4 0 5 0 0 91 5 28
2014 Non-visible minority 85 8 2 0 2 0 3 96 2 278
2011 Visible minority 70 13 7 3 7 0 0 83 10 29
2011 Non-visible minority 83 8 2 2 2 1 2 93 5 271
2008 Visible minority 61 22 6 0 11 0 0 83 11 18
2008 Non-visible minority 87 5 1 1 3 0 3 95 4 246

Question 38. Senior managers in my department or agency use both official languages in their interactions with employees.
Survey year Demographic Always/almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 41 14 15 10 4 12 4 66 16 44
2019 Non-visible minority 44 14 11 6 10 11 5 69 18 312

Collective agreements and terms and conditions of employment

Question 56. I am familiar with the provisions of my collective agreement or my terms and conditions of employment.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 24 49 14 2 4 2 4 78 7 44
2019 Non-visible minority 39 35 9 6 1 1 8 82 8 311

Question 57. My immediate supervisor respects the provisions of my collective agreement or my terms and conditions of employment.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 51 35 9 0 0 0 4 90 0 44
2019 Non-visible minority 53 23 6 2 3 5 8 87 6 311

Harassment

Harassment is normally a series of incidents, but it can be one severe incident that has a lasting impact on the individual.
Harassment is any improper conduct by an individual that is directed at and offensive to another individual in the workplace, including at any event or any location related to work, and that the individual knew or ought reasonably to have known would cause offence or harm. It comprises objectionable act(s), comment(s) or display(s) that demean, belittle, or cause personal humiliation or embarrassment, and any act of intimidation or threat. It also includes harassment within the meaning of the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 58. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you been the victim of harassment on the job in the past 12 months?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 11 89 44
2019 Non-visible minority 9 91 312
2018 Visible minority 17 83 34
2018 Non-visible minority 14 86 292

Question 63. Having carefully read the definition of harassment, have you directly witnessed harassment on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 19 81 44
2019 Non-visible minority 14 86 312

Question 64. I am satisfied with how matters related to harassment are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 23 14 25 9 2 25 2 50 15 44
2019 Non-visible minority 21 14 15 6 6 32 6 56 20 313
2018 Visible minority 15 28 27 5 2 20 3 55 10 33
2018 Non-visible minority 15 20 23 9 7 20 5 47 21 291
2017 Visible minority 19 19 22 4 12 15 8 50 21 40
2017 Non-visible minority 23 16 18 9 11 20 4 50 26 323
2014 Visible minority 4 16 21 17 13 24 5 27 43 28
2014 Non-visible minority 20 21 19 7 10 18 5 53 22 278

Question 65. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents harassment.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 31 25 37 2 4 0 0 56 6 44
2019 Non-visible minority 41 25 13 7 5 8 1 73 14 312
2018 Visible minority 24 32 24 5 8 7 0 60 14 33
2018 Non-visible minority 32 31 17 7 6 6 1 68 14 292
2017 Visible minority 24 32 13 10 14 8 0 61 25 40
2017 Non-visible minority 35 27 18 8 7 4 2 65 15 321
2014 Visible minority 12 25 28 3 20 12 0 41 27 28
2014 Non-visible minority 32 25 19 8 7 8 0 63 16 278
2011 Visible minority 25 31 14 18 13 0 0 55 31 29
2011 Non-visible minority 43 31 13 6 4 4 0 77 10 272

Discrimination

Discrimination means treating someone differently or unfairly because of a personal characteristic or distinction,which, whether intentional or not, has an effect that imposes disadvantages not imposed on others or that withholds or limits access that is given to others. There are 13 prohibited grounds of discrimination under the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered).

Question 66. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you been the victim of discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?

Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2018 Visible minority 20 80 34
2018 Non-visible minority 7 93 288

Question 71. Having carefully read the definition of discrimination, have you directly witnessed discrimination on the job in the past 12 months?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 19 81 44
2019 Non-visible minority 6 94 310

Question 72. I am satisfied with how matters related to discrimination are resolved in my department or agency.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 23 9 37 2 0 27 2 45 3 44
2019 Non-visible minority 24 14 18 2 3 33 5 62 9 312
2018 Visible minority 22 17 32 3 5 21 0 50 10 34
2018 Non-visible minority 20 15 27 5 3 24 7 50 11 294
2017 Visible minority 22 12 18 8 11 17 13 48 27 40
2017 Non-visible minority 25 16 19 2 6 26 5 60 11 323
2014 Visible minority 4 21 14 19 7 29 7 38 40 28
2014 Non-visible minority 20 16 25 2 3 26 8 55 8 278

Question 73. My department or agency works hard to create a workplace that prevents discrimination.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 37 16 35 4 2 6 0 56 6 44
2019 Non-visible minority 43 27 15 2 3 10 0 78 6 311
2018 Visible minority 27 21 24 5 11 12 0 55 18 34
2018 Non-visible minority 36 28 19 4 3 7 2 70 8 294
2017 Visible minority 36 27 8 8 9 13 0 73 19 40
2017 Non-visible minority 41 26 17 2 5 8 1 73 8 323
2014 Visible minority 12 25 23 16 3 14 7 47 24 28
2014 Non-visible minority 34 26 20 4 2 12 2 69 7 276
2011 Visible minority 32 17 20 14 10 7 0 53 26 29
2011 Non-visible minority 47 31 13 2 1 6 0 83 4 271

Duty to accommodate

The duty to accommodate refers to the employer’s obligation to eliminate disadvantages to employees, prospective employees or clients that result from a rule, practice or physical barrier that has or that may have an adverse impact on individuals or groups protected under the Canadian Human Rights Act or identified as a designated group under the Employment Equity Act. It applies to all grounds of discrimination covered by the Canadian Human Rights Act (i.e., race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex (including pregnancy and childbirth), sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics (including a requirement to undergo a genetic test, or disclose the results of a genetic test), disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered. Employers must provide accommodation up to the point of undue hardship, taking into account essential job requirements.

Question 79. Having carefully read the definition of duty to accommodate, have you requested measures to accommodate your needs in the workplace in the last two years?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 28 72 44
2019 Non-visible minority 16 84 313
2017 Visible minority 28 72 40
2017 Non-visible minority 24 76 322
2014 Visible minority 32 68 28
2014 Non-visible minority 16 84 277

Question 80. Were any measures taken to accommodate your needs?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 93 7 13
2019 Non-visible minority 90 10 49
2017 Visible minority 84 16 11
2017 Non-visible minority 77 23 77
2014 Non-visible minority 68 32 44

Question 81. I am satisfied with the measures that were taken to accommodate my needs.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 42 34 0 16 8 0 0 76 24 12
2019 Non-visible minority 51 25 4 14 6 0 0 76 20 43
2017 Non-visible minority 55 34 1 10 0 0 0 89 10 58
2014 Non-visible minority 52 31 14 3 0 0 0 83 3 30
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Workplace well-being

A psychologically healthy workplace

Question 30. My immediate supervisor seems to care about me as a person.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 54 37 5 4 0 0 0 91 4 44
2019 Non-visible minority 64 23 6 3 3 2 0 89 6 313
2018 Visible minority 51 23 16 0 5 4 0 78 5 33
2018 Non-visible minority 52 32 8 4 3 0 1 84 8 291
2017 Visible minority 61 17 4 8 6 3 0 81 15 40
2017 Non-visible minority 57 26 8 3 5 0 1 84 8 323

Question 77. My department or agency does a good job of raising awareness of mental health in the workplace.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 27 43 23 5 3 0 0 69 7 44
2019 Non-visible minority 43 31 14 7 4 0 0 75 11 312
2018 Visible minority 35 46 11 8 0 0 0 81 8 34
2018 Non-visible minority 46 35 10 6 1 1 0 83 8 289
2017 Visible minority 43 37 15 0 0 5 0 85 0 40
2017 Non-visible minority 38 42 10 6 3 1 0 80 10 323

Question 78. I would describe my workplace as being psychologically healthy.

A psychologically healthy workplace is one that promotes employees’ psychological well-being and actively works to prevent harm to employee psychological health due to negligent, reckless or intentional acts.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 13 37 26 12 9 2 0 52 22 43
2019 Non-visible minority 32 30 13 16 8 0 1 62 25 312
2018 Visible minority 33 17 22 16 8 4 0 52 25 33
2018 Non-visible minority 28 33 16 11 11 1 0 62 22 289
2017 Visible minority 20 30 21 20 5 5 0 53 26 40
2017 Non-visible minority 20 39 16 12 10 2 1 61 23 322

Work-related stress

Question 74a. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Pay or other compensation-related issues
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 31 22 22 12 13 0 0 53 25 44
2019 Non-visible minority 21 29 18 10 20 1 2 51 30 313
2018 Visible minority 17 30 19 16 13 0 4 50 31 34
2018 Non-visible minority 24 22 20 16 16 0 1 47 32 292
2017 Visible minority 28 25 20 15 5 3 5 57 22 40
2017 Non-visible minority 28 23 18 13 15 0 3 53 28 323

Question 74b. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Heavy workload
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 14 25 28 13 20 0 0 40 33 44
2019 Non-visible minority 16 28 27 16 13 0 1 44 29 312
2018 Visible minority 12 20 29 23 12 0 4 33 36 34
2018 Non-visible minority 13 26 25 18 17 1 0 40 35 292
2017 Visible minority 12 7 27 22 23 3 6 21 50 40
2017 Non-visible minority 14 30 25 14 16 0 1 44 30 322

Question 74c. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Unreasonable deadlines
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 28 33 16 14 9 0 0 61 23 44
2019 Non-visible minority 31 31 21 7 9 0 1 62 16 311
2018 Visible minority 14 36 26 12 7 0 4 53 20 34
2018 Non-visible minority 25 29 23 14 7 1 1 55 21 291
2017 Visible minority 19 27 29 12 4 3 6 50 18 40
2017 Non-visible minority 26 33 20 11 7 0 3 61 18 321

Question 74d. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Not enough employees to do the work
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 16 24 24 18 13 4 0 42 33 44
2019 Non-visible minority 27 24 20 15 12 1 1 52 28 311
2018 Visible minority 12 24 34 14 16 0 0 35 30 34
2018 Non-visible minority 18 22 21 16 21 1 0 41 38 289
2017 Visible minority 13 14 17 28 15 3 10 31 49 39
2017 Non-visible minority 18 25 20 15 20 0 2 44 36 322

Question 74e. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Overtime or long work hours
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 39 24 10 11 9 0 6 68 21 44
2019 Non-visible minority 46 25 13 5 5 1 6 76 11 312
2018 Visible minority 32 26 23 6 7 2 4 61 13 34
2018 Non-visible minority 44 20 14 8 5 2 7 71 14 291
2017 Visible minority 34 17 15 5 0 0 30 72 7 40
2017 Non-visible minority 44 15 16 5 7 1 12 68 14 322

Question 74f. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Balancing work and personal life
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 41 28 14 4 13 0 0 68 17 44
2019 Non-visible minority 32 31 20 11 5 1 1 63 16 310
2018 Visible minority 29 30 23 8 9 0 0 59 18 34
2018 Non-visible minority 29 24 24 14 8 1 0 53 22 291
2017 Visible minority 29 24 27 11 2 0 5 57 14 40
2017 Non-visible minority 30 29 23 10 6 0 2 60 16 323

Question 74g. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of control or input in decision-making
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 35 36 18 4 2 2 3 75 7 43
2019 Non-visible minority 35 31 19 7 6 1 1 67 14 312
2018 Visible minority 23 43 26 3 5 0 0 66 8 34
2018 Non-visible minority 31 31 17 11 7 2 1 64 19 291
2017 Visible minority 17 34 19 16 0 3 11 59 19 40
2017 Non-visible minority 33 31 18 8 6 2 3 67 14 322

Question 74h. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Competing or constantly changing priorities
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 27 28 27 5 13 0 0 56 18 43
2019 Non-visible minority 30 36 17 11 5 1 0 66 16 313
2018 Visible minority 23 34 29 8 5 0 0 58 13 33
2018 Non-visible minority 28 32 19 12 6 2 0 62 19 291
2017 Visible minority 20 24 32 10 6 2 5 48 18 40
2017 Non-visible minority 26 35 19 10 6 1 2 64 17 323

Question 74i. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of clear expectations
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 36 32 16 5 10 0 0 69 15 44
2019 Non-visible minority 42 28 17 8 3 1 0 71 12 310
2018 Visible minority 33 32 28 4 3 0 0 65 7 34
2018 Non-visible minority 37 30 20 6 4 1 2 70 10 289
2017 Visible minority 25 38 21 5 3 0 8 69 9 39
2017 Non-visible minority 38 32 13 9 5 0 3 73 14 321

Question 74j. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of recognition
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 42 34 6 7 6 4 0 79 14 43
2019 Non-visible minority 50 21 15 7 6 1 0 71 14 311

Question 74k. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Information overload

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 25 36 19 4 13 2 0 63 18 44
2019 Non-visible minority 34 31 20 9 5 1 1 66 14 313
2018 Visible minority 31 28 36 6 0 0 0 59 6 34
2018 Non-visible minority 25 35 22 8 7 0 2 62 16 291
2017 Visible minority 16 39 22 7 6 0 8 61 15 40
2017 Non-visible minority 33 29 18 11 5 1 2 65 17 323

Question 74l. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Physical work environment
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 39 29 23 2 4 0 3 70 6 44
2019 Non-visible minority 59 25 7 4 3 1 2 86 7 313
2018 Visible minority 59 25 12 4 0 0 0 84 4 34
2018 Non-visible minority 54 23 11 4 4 0 3 81 8 289
2017 Visible minority 45 28 8 5 0 2 12 85 6 39
2017 Non-visible minority 52 21 15 5 4 0 2 75 9 322

Question 74m. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Accessibility or accommodation issues
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 58 12 17 2 6 0 5 73 9 43
2019 Non-visible minority 70 15 2 2 2 1 7 93 5 310
2018 Visible minority 64 17 19 0 0 0 0 81 0 34
2018 Non-visible minority 72 15 3 1 1 1 6 94 2 291

Question 74n. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Harassment or discrimination
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 62 14 12 9 2 0 0 76 12 42
2019 Non-visible minority 77 9 4 2 4 2 2 89 6 312
2018 Visible minority 59 12 13 3 12 2 0 72 15 34
2018 Non-visible minority 68 12 7 3 5 1 4 85 8 291
2017 Visible minority 53 10 8 5 9 2 13 74 17 39
2017 Non-visible minority 73 9 8 4 3 1 2 85 7 323

Question 74o. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with my co-worker(s)
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 49 22 21 4 3 0 0 72 7 42
2019 Non-visible minority 57 27 9 3 2 0 2 87 4 312
2018 Visible minority 47 25 17 5 5 0 0 72 10 34
2018 Non-visible minority 51 28 9 5 4 0 3 82 9 291
2017 Visible minority 40 30 8 5 6 2 8 78 13 39
2017 Non-visible minority 50 29 11 5 3 0 2 81 8 323

Question 74p. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with individual(s) with authority over me
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 63 10 13 12 2 0 0 73 15 42
2019 Non-visible minority 58 21 9 4 4 0 2 81 9 309
2018 Visible minority 57 16 10 7 8 0 3 75 15 34
2018 Non-visible minority 56 19 10 6 6 0 3 78 12 289
2017 Visible minority 53 23 5 8 0 2 8 85 9 39
2017 Non-visible minority 60 19 9 7 3 1 2 81 10 321

Question 74q. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with individual(s) working for me
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 55 8 14 5 0 0 19 77 6 41
2019 Non-visible minority 57 13 3 1 0 1 25 94 2 307
2018 Visible minority 57 10 11 5 0 0 18 81 6 34
2018 Non-visible minority 52 8 5 1 0 0 33 90 3 289
2017 Visible minority 45 10 5 0 0 2 38 91 0 39
2017 Non-visible minority 56 10 2 1 0 0 29 94 3 320

Question 74r. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Issue(s) with other individual(s) (e.g., members of the public, individuals from other departments or agencies)

Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 59 36 4 0 0 0 0 96 0 42
2019 Non-visible minority 69 18 8 1 1 0 4 90 2 310
2018 Visible minority 59 26 9 3 0 0 3 88 3 34
2018 Non-visible minority 62 22 6 2 1 1 6 91 3 292
2017 Visible minority 59 15 8 0 0 0 18 91 0 39
2017 Non-visible minority 67 19 6 2 1 0 6 92 2 322

Question 74s. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Lack of job security
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 65 13 8 2 12 0 0 78 14 42
2019 Non-visible minority 71 16 3 2 3 1 4 92 5 311
2018 Visible minority 48 11 11 7 16 0 8 63 25 34
2018 Non-visible minority 66 12 6 4 6 0 5 83 11 292
2017 Visible minority 50 23 10 5 0 0 11 83 6 38
2017 Non-visible minority 62 14 8 5 6 0 4 79 12 323

Question 74t. Overall, to what extent do the following factors cause you stress at work? Personal issues
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 51 30 12 2 3 0 2 83 5 42
2019 Non-visible minority 49 33 13 2 1 0 1 84 3 312
2018 Visible minority 56 30 8 3 0 0 2 89 3 34
2018 Non-visible minority 43 34 16 2 3 1 2 79 5 291
2017 Visible minority 54 28 8 0 2 0 8 89 2 39
2017 Non-visible minority 55 26 12 3 1 0 4 85 3 322

Question 75. Overall, my level of work-related stress is...

Survey year Demographic Very low
(%)		 Low
(%)		 Moderate
(%)		 High
(%)		 Very High
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 10 33 27 23 7 0 0 43 30 44
2019 Non-visible minority 20 32 32 13 3 0 0 52 16 313
2018 Visible minority 12 33 31 11 9 0 4 47 21 34
2018 Non-visible minority 14 28 36 13 7 1 0 43 20 292
2017 Visible minority 10 24 47 12 4 0 3 35 17 40
2017 Non-visible minority 11 31 38 13 6 1 0 43 19 323

Question 76. After my workday, I feel emotionally drained.
Survey year Demographic Always/Almost always
(%)		 Often
(%)		 Sometimes
(%)		 Rarely
(%)		 Never/Almost never
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 21 19 32 21 8 0 0 28 40 44
2019 Non-visible minority 10 18 39 22 10 0 0 32 29 310
2018 Visible minority 9 22 34 19 16 0 0 35 31 33
2018 Non-visible minority 9 28 38 18 7 0 0 25 37 287
2017 Visible minority 9 20 42 15 5 3 8 22 31 40
2017 Non-visible minority 10 20 38 22 9 0 0 31 31 322
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Compensation

Pay or other compensation issues

Question 82. To what extent has your pay or other compensation been affected by issues with the Phoenix pay system?
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 22 29 33 4 12 0 0 22 78 44
2019 Non-visible minority 21 31 22 9 14 2 1 22 78 313
2018 Visible minority 34 22 21 12 10 0 0 34 66 34
2018 Non-visible minority 32 28 19 9 11 0 1 32 68 292
2017 Visible minority 34 27 19 8 7 5 0 35 65 40
2017 Non-visible minority 32 24 19 10 11 2 2 33 67 322

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected from "a small extent" to "a very large extent":

Question 83. Have you experienced any new pay or other compensation issues over the last 12 months?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 80 20 34
2019 Non-visible minority 70 30 238

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected from "a small extent" to "a very large extent":

Question 84. Have all your pay or other compensation issues been resolved?
Survey year Demographic Yes
(%)		 No
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 44 56 34
2019 Non-visible minority 36 64 236
2018 Visible minority 49 51 23
2018 Non-visible minority 35 65 194

Question 87. To what extent have issues with the Phoenix pay system affected your decision to seek or accept another position (e.g., deployment, promotion, secondment, assignment, acting assignment) within your organization or the federal public service?
Survey year Demographic Not at all
(%)		 To a small extent
(%)		 To a moderate extent
(%)		 To a large extent
(%)		 To a very large extent
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 51 14 5 12 9 0 9 71 23 44
2019 Non-visible minority 38 18 12 12 10 1 9 62 24 310
2018 Visible minority 47 25 6 12 8 0 3 74 21 34
2018 Non-visible minority 40 15 14 12 11 0 7 60 24 292

Support to resolve pay or other compensation issues

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected from "a small extent" to "a very large extent":

Question 85. I am satisfied with the support (e.g., regular information, follow-up, making enquiries on my behalf, offering emergency or priority pay) I received from my department or agency to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.

Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 12 27 33 12 15 0 3 40 27 34
2019 Non-visible minority 21 29 16 12 16 2 4 53 30 239
2018 Visible minority 26 21 22 12 20 0 0 46 32 23
2018 Non-visible minority 21 29 14 16 11 1 9 55 30 196
2017 Visible minority 31 20 16 12 16 0 4 54 29 25
2017 Non-visible minority 21 25 15 12 14 3 10 53 30 204

Of those who indicated that their pay or other compensation had been affected from "a small extent" to "a very large extent":

Question 86. I am satisfied with the support I received from the Pay Centre to help resolve my pay or other compensation issues.
Survey year Demographic Strongly agree
(%)		 Somewhat agree
(%)		 Neither agree nor disagree
(%)		 Somewhat disagree
(%)		 Strongly disagree
(%)		 Don't know
(%)		 Not applicable
(%)		 Positive answers
(%)		 Negative answers
(%)		 Total responses
2019 Visible minority 14 15 19 5 30 3 15 34 42 34
2019 Non-visible minority 6 13 17 20 34 5 5 21 60 239
2018 Visible minority 0 27 25 16 32 0 0 27 48 23
2018 Non-visible minority 3 8 11 23 40 6 8 13 74 195
2017 Visible minority 0 8 8 20 48 0 17 9 81 25
2017 Non-visible minority 3 7 15 12 43 5 14 13 68 206
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