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Several regions or communities whose economy is traditionally based on natural resources and which are generally a long way from major markets are having difficulty diversifying their economic base. Moreover, owing to their strong economic dependence on a small number of industries or sectors, these communities are often hardest hit in the event of a crisis in one of their predominant sectors.
In this context, the Agency pursues its mission to help Quebec communities posting slow economic growth to increase their development capabilities and dynamism. Furthermore, the Agency intervenes financially in all communities to renew and construct infrastructure to enhance Quebecers’ quality of life.
The Agency achieves Strategic outcome #1 by means of three program activities:
For Fiscal Year (FY) 2008-2009, in line with its program priorities, the Agency’s financial effort has been more closely focussed on the Development of communities program activity under this strategic outcome, which accounts for 48.8% of its total expenditures.
2008-2009 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Financial resources (in thousands of dollars) |
Human resources (Full-time equivalents) |
||||
Planned spending | Total authorities | Actual expenditures | Planned resources | Actual resources | Variance |
130,974 | 146,616 | 145,906 | 183 | 185 | 2 |
Actual expenditures in FY 2008-2009 were 11.4% higher than planned spending. Additional investment was made under this program activity, making it possible to continue to cater to communities’ and regions’ needs in these hard economic times.
Expected results | Performance indicators | Objectives10 | Status of performance | Summary of performance |
---|---|---|---|---|
Communities are pursuing a development vision and implementing resulting initiatives. | Number of communities that have mobilized and established development or diversification plans | 31 | Meets nearly all expectations | 22 |
Number of development initiatives and projects that have been or are being implemented | 154 | Meets all expectations | 134 | |
Enterprises are contributing to community economic growth and maintenance. | Proportion of SMEs assisted that maintained or increased their sales | 7/10 | Meets all expectations | 7,3/10 |
Number of enterprises started up, created, maintained and developed | 2,686 | Meets all expectations |
2,811 2,707 SMEs assisted by NPOs 104 SMEs assisted directly |
|
Average of jobs created in enterprises created, maintained and developed (direct assistance) | 6,2 | Meets all expectations | 6,9 | |
Communities are recognized for their distinctiveness, brand image and outreach. | Value of investment in tourism commodities, growth-generating tourism projects, community facilities and regional assets | 59 projects totalling $177 million | Meets all expectations | 58 projects totalling $149.7 million in investment |
Increase in the number of tourists from outside Quebec | Data not available | N/A | 48,00011 |
Numerous communities, particularly in outlying regions, depend on the forestry sector and are consequently vulnerable to that sector’s difficulties, and those difficulties worsened in 2008-2009. After living through the rise in the Canadian dollar, the softwood lumber dispute, reduced stumpage dues and the decline in North American demand for newsprint, the sector saw demand for its wood products plummet after the bottom fell out of the U.S. real property market. The forestry sector lost 14,000 direct jobs (-14%) between the first quarter of 2007 and the first quarter of 2009, with the result that many forestry communities experienced an urgent need for economic diversification.
Also, the downturn in the U.S. economy reduced Quebec’s manufacturing exports, leading to job losses in several communities, especially in the central regions.
The goals targeted by the Development of communities program activity were the following:
The Agency intervened directly in regard to SMEs and NPOs through two grant and contribution programs: Community Diversification14 and the Community Futures Program.15
Communities’ increased capability to use their assets to develop, grow and thrive is conducive to an increase in their dynamism, and communities’ economic activity base is thereby maintained and developed. As a result, these communities’ increased vitality will contribute to stronger economic growth in Quebec and Canada.
The total value of the 595 projects under this program activity was $1.3 billion. A little under one third of this amount ($358.1 million) came from the Agency on a multi-year basis, so the leverage effect was 2.64, or $2.64 in investment by the promoter and the other funding sources for each dollar invested by the Agency.
Overall, the performance obtained meets all or almost all expectations. The intention of the Ministerial Guideline16 introduced in 2008-2009 was to limit recurrent funding of NPOs and focus instead on other types of intervention. Thus the performance partly reflects the Agency’s chosen approach, particularly in support for the mobilization of communities and in entrepreneurship and enterprise startups.
The tourism industry was characterized by the growing decline in U.S. tourists seen across Canada (in Quebec, a 9.9% drop between 2005 and 2007).17 In that context, the Agency multiplied its efforts to support the tourism industry, for instance in the context of the 400th anniversary of Québec. The Agency also contributed significantly to development of the tourism offering (new commitments of $21.9 million approved in 2008-2009) and marketing of tourism commodities outside Quebec, primarily through assistance to major festivals ($8.4 million) and regional and sectoral tourism associations ($7.1 million), and through support for 17 events ($2.6 million).
The Agency also supported several achievements in 2008-2009 under the initiative to support international cruise development on the St. Lawrence and Saguenay rivers18 to boost the tourism industry. This initiative supports the development of six ports of call for cruise ship passengers (e.g. Sept-Îles) and has three components:
In addition, investment planned for 2008-2009 in tourism commodities, growth-generating tourism projects, community economic facilities and regional assets was carried out. The performance obtained therefore meets all expectations.
The Community Futures Program is one of the Agency’s four regular programs. Under the CFP, the Agency provided financial support for local and regional development organizations, namely, Community Futures Development Corporations (CFDCs), Community Economic Development Corporations and Business Development Centres. Just under one third of grant and contribution expenditures, or $41.7 million, went to supporting these organizations.
In 2008-2009, the CFDCs generated the following performance on the basis of their new files:
In this period of economic crisis, the Agency decided to make the terms and conditions of its Community Diversification program more flexible late in FY 2008-2009 (e.g. changes in eligible levels of assistance, costs and promoters). This change helped broaden the targeted clientele and eligible activities and expenditures so as to cater more closely to enterprises’ and communities’ needs. In that way, the Agency is contributing more effectively to attainment of its results.
Moreover, to ensure the viability of enterprises in the longer term, the Agency invested $9.6 million in a fund to support enterprises under the CFP. This fund facilitated access to funding and services for enterprises in the manufacturing, tourism and strategic and technological tertiary sectors in regions outside Quebec’s major urban centres.
2008-2009 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Financial resources (in thousands of dollars) |
Human resources (Full-time equivalents) |
||||
Planned spending | Total authorities | Actual expenditures | Planned resources | Actual resources | Variance |
27,313 | 53,864 | 53,607 | 22 | 20 | -2 |
Actual expenditures for FY 2008-2009 were 96.3% higher than planned spending. Actual expenditures depend on progress in completion of infrastructure projects. The Quebec government is the implementing authority for infrastructure projects.
Result expected | Performance indicators | Objectives | Status of performance | Summary of performance19 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Rural and urban communities have quality infrastructure. | Municipalities have quality drinking water available. | As per agreement with Quebec government | Meets all expectations | 3,873 households have or will have access to a municipal water supply. 549,744 households have or will have access to a municipal water supply providing higher quality drinking water. 19,063 additional households have or will have access to a municipal wastewater collection and treatment system. 847,788 households have or will have access to a municipal wastewater collection system providing higher quality treatment. |
Cities and municipalities benefit from safe transportation infrastructure. | As per agreement with Quebec government | Meets all expectations | 262 communities will benefit from the upgrading of local transportation infrastructure. | |
Maintenance and renewal of assets improve communities’ economic activity base. | As per agreement with Quebec government | Meets all expectations | 90 communities will benefit from the upgrading of sports, recreational and cultural facilities. 880 permanent jobs will be created directly by the projects. |
The quality of community infrastructure has an impact on Canadians’ quality of life. Quality infrastructure enables communities to attract and retain enterprises and workers that will secure their economic and social future. It also makes the movement of people and goods more efficient and safer.
In this spirit, the Government of Canada announced back in 2000 the creation of several infrastructure support programs. Among other things, it signed an agreement with the Government of Quebec in October 2000 for implementation of the Infrastructure Canada Program (ICP).20 In July 2005, this agreement was amended to postpone the expiration date for the ICP to March 31, 2011 and reflect implementation of a new program, the Municipal Rural Infrastructure Fund (MRIF). The MRIF therefore came into effect on July 18, 2005, and the deadline for project approval was December 31, 2008.
The Agency has full responsibility over administration of the ICP. With regard to the MRIF and Canadian Strategic Infrastructure Fund (CSIF) projects, the Agency partners with Infrastructure Canada in delivering these initiatives. Infrastructure Canada reports on MRIF and CSIF activities and results in its departmental performance report.21
The ICP is aimed at the repair, replacement or construction of infrastructure and includes three components: drinking water and wastewater infrastructure, local public transit infrastructure, and projects with urban or regional economic impacts.
The upgrading and construction of community infrastructure supports and improves the quality of the environment and supports long-term economic growth. Communities’ economic activity base is thereby maintained and developed. As a result, these communities’ increased vitality will contribute to stronger economic growth in Quebec and Canada.
According to the agreement signed with the Government of Quebec, the 894 projects approved from the start of the program until March 31, 2005 will enable 3,873 households to have access to a municipal water supply; 549,744 households to have access to a municipal water supply providing higher quality drinking water; 19,063 households to have access to a municipal wastewater collection and treatment system; and 847,788 households to have access to a municipal wastewater collection system providing higher quality treatment. They will also enable 262 communities to benefit from the upgrading of local transportation infrastructure and 90 other communities to benefit from the upgrading of sports, recreational and cultural facilities. Finally, the projects will create 880 direct permanent jobs. The end-of-program evaluation for the ICP is in progress, in order to find out the results of the projects.
To judge by the large number of applications received, the ICP responds to a real need on the part of Quebec’s regions. This strong demand justified the pursuit of other infrastructure programs. In the Speech from the Throne 2007, a new infrastructure program, the Building Canada Plan, was announced to support the provinces, territories and communities in building 21st-century infrastructure. Furthermore, budget 2009 provided for the acceleration and expansion of the Government of Canada’s investment in infrastructure. This includes investment in recreational infrastructure, for which the Agency will have responsibility for Quebec.
This program activity has no planned spending, actual expenditures, or planned or actual resources.
Special intervention measures come to the assistance of communities and regions facing major economic shocks or natural disasters. In those situations, in the event of additional dedicated funding from the Government of Canada, the Agency temporarily puts special adjustment measures in place whereby communities can support their economic activity and initiate action to help them regain a balance or find economic stability.
This program activity has two goals:
The Agency received no dedicated additional funding, so no special measures were in progress in 2008-2009 under this program activity.
Enterprises and regions have operated in a context featuring an economic downturn and a strong process of economic integration, including the increased presence of emerging economies (e.g. China and India). Combining with the growing pace of technological progress, this generates multiple opportunities (access to new markets and new ideas) but also brings substantial adjustments (redeployment of workers, new business models). It is through an increase in the competitiveness of SMEs and regions that the negative impact of this context on wealth creation and jobs will be reduced.
Taking this environment into account, the Agency’s action in regard to SMEs and NPOs with respect to competitiveness fosters development of strategic capabilities, networks, innovation and knowledge, and the inflow of investment. This intervention ultimately aims at reinforcing the conditions conducive to sustainable growth and the competitive positioning of sectors and regions and SMEs. With respect to this strategic outcome, the Agency supported the following two components:
Of these components, the Agency focussed its efforts on Competitiveness of enterprises (SMEs). Thus the performance obtained under this strategic outcome is primarily the result of these efforts to enhance SMEs’ performance.
2008-2009 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Financial resources (in thousands of dollars) |
Human resources (Full-time equivalents) |
||||
Planned spending | Total authorities | Actual expenditures | Planned resources | Actual resources | Variance |
81,327 | 58,036 | 56,466 | 103 | 92 | -11 |
Actual expenditures for FY 2008-2009 are 30.6% lower than planned spending. The variance between planned spending and actual expenditures is attributable to the fact that, in the economic downturn, enterprises put their investment projects on hold, thus using fewer program resources than expected.
Results expected | Performance indicators | Objectives23 | Status of performance | Summary of performance |
---|---|---|---|---|
Assisted enterprises are using their strategic capabilities. | Number of specialized resources hired | 148 | Surpasses expectations | 171 |
Number of enterprises which have improved their value chain management or integrated a value chain. | 140 | Surpasses expectations | 216 | |
Proportion of SMEs assisted having maintained or increased their sales | 7/10 | Surpasses expectations | 8,8/10 | |
Average increase in foreign sales | $583,500 | Surpasses expectations | $1.1 million | |
Products and services derived from research and development (R&D) are being commercialized. | Average increase in sales of products and services derived from R&D | $385,300 | Meets nearly all expectations | $294,058 |
New enterprises and strategic capital investments are consolidating the economic base of the regions. | Number of innovative enterprises created or expanding | 101 | Surpasses expectations | 153 |
Number of jobs created in assisted enterprises | 1,133 | Surpasses expectations | 1,667 |
The Agency’s investment in competitiveness was intended to help enterprises weather the U.S. and global economic slowdown and the climate of economic uncertainty (credit crunch and declining corporate profits) and thus reduce the impact on their exports and productivity.
In addition to the difficulties associated with the recent economic situation, enterprises still face the challenges of globalization, low productivity, inadequate innovation, and high energy costs. These issues are taken into account by the Agency in the context of its support with respect to SMEs’ competitiveness. Productivity in Quebec still remains lower than the Canadian average and lags behind that of most Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development countries, whence the need to continue efforts in terms of investment in machinery and equipment. Moreover, Quebec enterprises, particularly SMEs, while relatively active in R&D, have a hard time bringing their innovations to market.
In order to support the competitiveness of enterprises (SMEs), the Agency favoured:
This program activity is aimed primarily at SMEs and NPOs and is implemented through two grant and contribution programs, Business and Regional Growth24 and the Canadian Apparel and Textile Industries Program (CANtex).25
Improvements in productivity and innovation and development of global markets increase enterprises’ performance and competitive advantages and stimulate the establishment of innovative enterprises. Thus, increases in revenues earned and number of jobs contribute to the presence of conditions conducive to SMEs’ sustainable growth. Thereby, SMEs’ increased competitiveness fosters strong economic growth.
The total value of the 478 projects under this program activity was $683.9 million. A little under one quarter of this amount ($168.5 million) came from Agency contributions. Thus, the leverage effect is 3.06, or $3.06 in investment by the promoter and the other funding sources for each dollar invested by the Agency.
In the current economic environment, an enterprise’s competitiveness hinges on its ability to be innovative with respect to products and processes, all the way from its sale and after-sale services right through to its integration in major distribution and manufacturing networks. In 2008-2009, the Agency therefore strove to maximize the impact of its investments by placing priority on raising the strategic capabilities of enterprises through the implementation of three new initiatives (innovation, productivity and exports).
The three new initiatives led to the approval of a larger number of new projects in 2008-2009 (224 in 2008-2009 and 184 in 2007-2008), so the Agency surpassed its expectations with respect to performance in 2008-2009.
Grant and contribution expenditures for the Canadian Apparel and Textile Industries Program —CANtex component stood at $3.2 million for 21 enterprises. Of these projects, 14 enterprises improved their productivity and eight enterprises increased their sales by an average of $4.1 million (on sales averaging $22.7 million at the start of the project).
The Agency also organized two Business Contact26 events in the Estrie and Bas-Saint-Laurent regions aimed at raising awareness, informing and providing details concerning enterprise startup and growth, innovation, productivity, exports and the strategic issues specific to each of those regions. In all, 435 enterprises took part in these events. In the three months following the Bas-Saint-Laurent Business Contact, 15 enterprises contacted the business office hosting the event to take advantage of its services.
Also, to provide enterprises with an ongoing information service, the Agency provides financial support for Canada Business Service Centres (CBSCs). CBSCs answered more than 28,700 information requests, including approximately 5,000 directly at the counter and 17,624 by telephone.
The three new initiatives were a good vehicle for implementing the Business and Regional Growth program, and this led to increased demand for carrying out innovation and productivity projects and supporting the development of foreign markets.
In this period of economic crisis, the Agency decided to make the terms and conditions of the Business and Regional Growth program more flexible late in FY 2008-2009 (e.g. changes in eligible levels of assistance, costs and promoters). This change helped broaden the targeted clientele and eligible activities and expenditures so as to cater more closely to enterprises’ and communities’ needs and contribute to attainment of the Agency’s results.
2008-2009 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Financial resources (in thousands of dollars) |
Human resources (Full-time equivalents) |
||||
Planned spending | Total authorities | Actual expenditures | Planned resources | Actual resources | Variance |
45,528 | 37,194 | 37,038 | 54 | 56 | 2 |
In 2008-2009, actual expenditures for projects in progress are 18.6% lower than planned spending. Under a Ministerial Guideline concerning the funding of NPO’s, other types of activities were focussed on.
Results expected | Performance indicators | Objectives27 | Status of performance | Summary of performance |
---|---|---|---|---|
Competitiveness poles are being developed and consolidated. Clusters or networks of enterprises in the same sector or region are better structured. The innovation commercialization process is generating medium- and long-range social and economic spinoffs. |
Number of enterprises networked or taking part in networks | No objective set since not a priority | N/A | 1,369 |
Average investment in applied research projects | $5,1 million | |||
Number of enterprises having participated in technology transfer activities or been involved in applied research projects | 2,961 | |||
Number of spinoff enterprises | 5 | |||
Competitive regions attract foreign direct investment and international organizations. | Jobs created and maintained in Quebec as a result of foreign direct investment | 3,700 | Meets all expectations | 3,200 |
Number of international organizations established in Montréal | 3 | Meets all expectations | 3 |
This program activity is aimed primarily at SMEs and NPOs and is supported by a grant and contribution program, Business and Regional Growth.
The two objectives targeted by this program activity are:
This program activity aims to improve regions’ international competitiveness by displaying their knowledge and competitive advantages on the international stage.
The total value of the 92 projects under the Competitive positioning of sectors and regions component in 2008-2009 was more than $455.4 million. Of this amount, $138.6 million comes from Agency financial assistance, so the leverage effect is 2.29, or $2.29 in investment by the promoter and the other funding sources for each dollar invested by the Agency.
The international competitiveness of regions is achieved through cluster networking activities, applied research with collaboration among innovative SMEs and know ledge institutions, technology transfer and international promotion of regional assets. In 2008-2009, the Agency’s investment in competitiveness of regions was focussed on support for the development of clusters and on international promotion and prospecting activities with a view to attracting foreign investment and encouraging the establishment of international organizations.
In the economic downturn, the Agency particularly supported projects in the seven devitalized regions and 21 devitalized RCMs in line with the Continue the economic diversification of regions and communities posting slow economic growth program priority and under the Development of communities program activity. This decision was respected, leading to a decrease in Agency investment under the Competitive positioning of sectors and regions program activity.
Under its Act, the Agency has the authority to draw up policies and programs to promote the development and diversification of the economy of Quebec regions by fostering cooperation and complementarity with Quebec and communities in Quebec.
Through this strategic outcome, the Agency defines the needs of Quebec regions and communities with respect to regional development, and aims to cater to those needs by drawing up policies, programs and initiatives, and through representation and collaborative activities.
To that end:
2008-2009 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Financial resources (in thousands of dollars) |
Human resources (Full-time equivalents) |
||||
Planned spending | Total authorities | Actual expenditures | Planned resources | Actual resources | Variance |
7,513 | 6,733 | 6,230 | 49 | 48 | -1 |
Actual expenditures in FY 2008-2009 were 17% lower than planned spending.
Results expected | Summary of performance |
---|---|
Organizations and development stakeholders have knowledge that allows them a better understanding of new trends, issues and challenges in development. | Five new studies: |
Policies, programs and initiatives are being developed on the basis of analyses on, notably, the challenges, opportunities, best approaches and emerging approaches in regional development. | Two new support initiatives for development of Quebec regions under Canada’s Economic Action Plan announced in budget 2009: the Community Adjustment Fund (CAF) and the Recreational Infrastructure Canada (RInC) program Implementation of the support initiative for international cruise development |
The realities of Quebec’s regions are taken into account in government decision-making. | Ministerial tour to the 14 regions |
The Agency has developed collaborative action with other federal government bodies and explored cooperative action with non-federal government organizations and development stakeholders. |
Twenty enterprises participated in two trade missions (Lockheed Martin and BAE Systems) and had the opportunity to display their capabilities to major contractors in connection with Government of Canada acquisition projects (Department of National Defence projects and close combat vehicles). These missions were conducted in conjunction with five government partners (Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada, Industry Canada, Conférence régionale des élus [regional conference of elected representatives], Développement économique, Innovation et Exportation Québec [Quebec Department of Economic Development, Innovation and Export Trade] and National Research Council Canada) and four associations (Specialty Vehicles and Transportation Equipment Manufacturers’ Association, Technopôle Defence and Security, Quebec Aerospace Association and Alliance Numérique) following an exploratory mission to Washington. Increased collaboration with the Government of Quebec within the framework of implementation of new programs (CAF and RInC). Increased collaboration with regional export promotion organizations, with regional tourism associations and with sectoral tourism associations within the framework of the renewal of their agreements. Drawing up of the initiative stemming from the Roadmap for Canada’s Linguistic Duality 2008-2013. Deployment of the support initiative for development of international cruises in conjunction with the provincial and federal governments and local stakeholders. |
Four objectives were targeted by this program activity:
Through its ongoing efforts with respect to analysis and research, policy and program development, representation and influence, and cooperation and collaboration, the Agency contributes to influencing the directions put forward by the federal government so that they better reflect Quebec’s realities and needs and are more effective. SMEs, communities and regions, benefiting from federal action that is adapted, coherent and effective, develop the economic activity base, thus contributing to strong economic growth.
This program activity enables Quebec’s regions and communities to benefit from federal action that allows for, in particular, the production and dissemination of regional economic development knowledge that is helpful to development stakeholders, and to grasp business and development opportunities.
The study piloted by the Société de développement économique du Saint-Laurent was the outcome of a consultation of the transportation industry, that is, some 75 people representing 50 or so freight transportation enterprises and different transportation modes (marine, rail and road) whose activities are associated with marine transportation. The study is in support of the priority given by the Government of Canada to the development of gateways and trade corridors and the work conducted on that score by the Minister of Transport, Infrastructure and Communities jointly with the Quebec and Ontario governments. This study was an opportunity to consult the marine private sector and consolidate their needs and challenges in support of that work.
Furthermore, the Agency actively participated in the special Canada-Quebec forestry sector team. Through this work, the Agency entered into seven Canada-Quebec Agreements for the funding of projects under the economic action plan stemming from budget 2009.
Early in 2009, the Agency reviewed certain criteria, terms and conditions of its programs and initiatives and made them more flexible (e.g. changes in eligible levels of assistance, costs and clientele) so as to make them more accessible to Quebec communities and SMEs hard hit by the economic situation.
To reinforce the capabilities of all regional development stakeholders to intervene more effectively in the future, projects should be supported under the research program.
Notes:
10 In the 2008-2009 RPP, no performance objective was established. The objective used as the basis for evaluation of the status of performance was established from the performance obtained in 2007-2008 or from annual targets established in the 2009-2010 RPP.
11 The source used is different from the 2007-2008 Departmental Performance Report (DPR). It is an official, published document that uses a comparable methodology from year to year: Le tourisme dans les régions touristiques du Québec en 2007 et 2008:
www.bonjourquebec.com/mto/publications/publication.asp?id=192&categorie=113
12 See the program subactivity fact sheet:
www.dec-ced.gc.ca/eng/publications/agency/rmr.html
13 See the program subactivity fact sheet:
www.dec-ced.gc.ca/eng/publications/agency/dpr/2008/121/page-14.html
14 www.dec-ced.gc.ca/eng/programs/diversification/diversification.html
15 www.dec-ced.gc.ca/eng/programs/cfp/cfp.html
16 Guideline on Funding of Non-profit Organizations.
17 Le tourisme dans les régions touristiques du Québec en 2007 et 2008 : www.bonjourquebec.com/mto/publications/publication.asp?id=192&categorie=113
18 See the Community development program subactivity fact sheet: www.dec-ced.gc.ca and the description of the initiative: www.dec-ced.gc.ca/eng/programs/facilities/facilities.html
19 These performance data concern only the Infrastructure Canada Program and are associated with the agreement with the Government of Quebec.
20 This was the Canada-Quebec Infrastructure Program Agreement:
www.dec-ced.gc.ca/eng/programs/infrastructure/infrastructure.html
21 www.infc.gc.ca/infc-eng.html
22 See the program subactivity fact sheet: www.dec-ced.gc.ca/eng/publications/agency/rmr.html
23 In the 2008-2009 RPP, no performance objective was established. The objective used as the basis for evaluation of the status of performance was established from the performance obtained in 2007-2008 or from annual targets established in the 2009-2010 RPP.
24 www.dec-ced.gc.ca/eng/programs/growth/growth.html
25 www.dec-ced.gc.ca/eng/programs/cantex/cantex.html
26 www.dec-ced.gc.ca/eng/agency/business-contact/contact.html
27 In the 2008-2009 RPP, no performance objective was established. A number of annual targets were set for 2009-2010. For information only, the content of this column indicates performance in 2007-2008.
28 Available on request at the Agency
29 Presented to the Forum on the globalization of SMEs organized by the Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières
30 Entitled Export Chine: les opportunités pour les produits québécois, published by SECOR
31 Available on request at the Agency
32 Available in French as Étude sur le Corridor de commerce Saint-Laurent—Grands Lacs on the Web site of the Société de développement économique du Saint-Laurent: http://www.st-laurent.org/pages/memoires.htm