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SECTION 4 OTHER ITEMS OF INTEREST

4.1 Additional Data on Correctional Results

Aboriginal and Non-Aboriginal Offenders: Comparative Data

The following tables present reintegration results for Aboriginal and for non-Aboriginal offenders during community supervision and post-sentence completion (post-WED). Summary versions of these tables, showing the gap in results between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal offenders, appear in Section 1.6: Departmental Performance.

Re-Offending with Any Conviction while on Supervision

Aboriginal		01-02	02-03	03-04	04-05	05-06
All Convictions	year	237	240	228	220	228
All Convictions	3-year average	250	245	235	229	225
Release Flowthrough	year	2516	2429	2471	2564	2631
Release Flowthrough	3-year average	2529	2502	2472	2488	2555
Rate	year	9.4%	9.9%	9.2%	8.6%	8.7%
Rate	3-year average	9.9%	9.8%	9.5%	9.2%	8.8%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007). Release Flowthrough as of April 8, 2007.

Non-Aboriginal		01-02	02-03	03-04	04-05	05-06
All Convictions	year	937	916	860	874	830
All Convictions	3-year average	978	980	904	883	855
Release Flowthrough	year	14095	13953	13697	13592	13737
Release Flowthrough	3-year average	14341	14154	13915	13747	13675
Rate	year	6.6%	6.6%	6.3%	6.4%	6.0%
Rate	3-year average	6.8%	6.9%	6.5%	6.4%	6.2%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007). Release Flowthrough as of April 8, 2007.

Re-Offending with Violent Convictions while on Supervision

Aboriginal		01-02	02-03	03-04	04-05	05-06
Violent Convictions	year	61	48	59	60	49
Violent Convictions	3-year average	57	56	56	56	56
Release Flowthrough	year	2516	2429	2471	2564	2631
Release Flowthrough	3-year average	2529	2502	2472	2488	2555
Rate	year	2.4%	2.0%	2.4%	2.3%	1.9%
Rate	3-year average	2.3%	2.2%	2.3%	2.2%	2.2%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007). Release Flowthrough as of April 8, 2007.

Non-Aboriginal		01-02	02-03	03-04	04-05	05-06
Violent Convictions	year	188	202	187	172	143
Violent Convictions	3-year average	209	206	192	187	167
Release Flowthrough	year	14095	13953	13697	13592	13737
Release Flowthrough	3-year average	14341	14154	13915	13747	13675
Rate	year	1.3%	1.4%	1.4%	1.3%	1.0%
Rate	3-year average	1.5%	1.5%	1.4%	1.4%	1.2%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007). Release Flowthrough as of April 8, 2007.

Re-Offending with Non-violent Conviction while on Supervision

Aboriginal		01-02	02-03	03-04	04-05	05-06
Non-violent Convictions	year	176	192	169	160	179
Non-violent Convictions	3-year average	193	189	179	174	169
Release Flowthrough	year	2516	2429	2471	2564	2631
Release Flowthrough	3-year average	2529	2502	2472	2488	2555
Rate	year	7.0%	7.9%	6.8%	6.2%	6.8%
Rate	3-year average	7.6%	7.6%	7.2%	7.0%	6.6%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007). Release Flowthrough as of April 8, 2007.

Non-Aboriginal		01-02	02-03	03-04	04-05	05-06
Non-violent Convictions	year	749	714	673	702	687
Non-violent Convictions	3-year average	769	773	712	696	687
Release Flowthrough	year	14095	13953	13697	13592	13737
Release Flowthrough	3-year average	14341	14154	13915	13747	13675
Rate	year	5.3%	5.1%	4.9%	5.2%	5.0%
Rate	3-year average	5.4%	5.5%	5.1%	5.1%	5.0%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007). Release Flowthrough as of April 8, 2007.

Return to Federal Custody for Any Conviction within 2 years post-WED

Aboriginal		00-01	01-02	02-03	03-04	04-05
Re-Admission for any type of offence	year	95	70	96	100	113
Re-Admission for any type of offence	3-year average	87	86	87	89	103
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	year	805	776	754	730	794
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	3-year average	751	766	778	753	759
Rate	year	11.8%	9.0%	12.7%	13.7%	14.2%
Rate	3-year average	11.6%	11.2%	11.2%	11.8%	13.6%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007).

Non-Aboriginal		00-01	01-02	02-03	03-04	04-05
Re-Admission for any type of offence	year	342	357	389	379	381
Re-Admission for any type of offence	3-year average	336	336	363	375	383
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	year	3831	3914	3880	3793	3749
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	3-year average	3778	3809	3875	3862	3807
Rate	year	8.9%	9.1%	10.0%	10.0%	10.2%
Rate	3-year average	8.9%	8.8%	9.4%	9.7%	10.1%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007).

Return to Federal Custody for Violent Conviction within 2 years post-WED

Aboriginal		00-01	01-02	02-03	03-04	04-05
Re-Admission for a violent offence	year	62	41	54	59	67
Re-Admission for a violent offence	3-year average	54	51	52	51	60
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	year	805	776	754	730	794
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	3-year average	751	766	778	753	759
Rate	year	7.7%	5.3%	7.2%	8.1%	8.4%
Rate	3-year average	7.1%	6.7%	6.7%	6.8%	7.9%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007).

Non-Aboriginal		00-01	01-02	02-03	03-04	04-05
Re-Admission for a violent offence	year	171	181	188	174	204
Re-Admission for a violent offence	3-year average	174	170	180	181	189
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	year	3831	3914	3880	3793	3749
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	3-year average	3778	3809	3875	3862	3807
Rate	year	4.5%	4.6%	4.8%	4.6%	5.4%
Rate	3-year average	4.6%	4.5%	4.6%	4.7%	5.0%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007).

Return to Federal Custody for Non-violent Conviction within 2 years post-WED

Aboriginal		00-01	01-02	02-03	03-04	04-05
Re-Admission for a non-violent offence	year	33	29	42	41	46
Re-Admission for a non-violent offence	3-year average	34	34	35	37	43
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	year	805	776	754	730	794
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	3-year average	751	766	778	753	759
Rate	year	4.1%	3.7%	5.6%	5.6%	5.8%
Rate	3-year average	4.5%	4.5%	4.5%	5.0%	5.7%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007).

Non-Aboriginal		00-01	01-02	02-03	03-04	04-05
Re-Admission for a non-violent offence	year	171	176	201	205	177
Re-Admission for a non-violent offence	3-year average	161	166	183	194	194
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	year	3831	3914	3880	3793	3749
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	3-year average	3778	3809	3875	3862	3807
Rate	year	4.5%	4.5%	5.2%	5.4%	4.7%
Rate	3-year average	4.3%	4.4%	4.7%	5.0%	5.1%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007).

Return to Federal Custody for Any Conviction within 5 years post-WED

Aboriginal		97-98	98-99	99-00	00-01	01-02
Re-Admission for any type of offence	year	142	165	147	171	159
Re-Admission for any type of offence	3-year average	147	153	151	161	159
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	year	607	730	718	805	776
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	3-year average	611	654	685	751	766
Rate	year	23.4%	22.6%	20.5%	21.2%	20.5%
Rate	3-year average	24.0%	23.4%	22.1%	21.4%	20.7%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007).

Non-Aboriginal		97-98	98-99	99-00	00-01	01-02
Re-Admission for any type of offence	year	675	641	577	640	644
Re-Admission for any type of offence	3-year average	693	673	631	619	620
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	year	4043	3820	3683	3831	3914
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	3-year average	4122	3993	3849	3778	3809
Rate	year	16.7%	16.8%	15.7%	16.7%	16.5%
Rate	3-year average	16.8%	16.8%	16.4%	16.4%	16.3%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007).

Return to Federal Custody for Violent Conviction within 5 years post-WED

Aboriginal		97-98	98-99	99-00	00-01	01-02
Re-Admission for violent offence	year	92	108	85	121	98
Re-Admission for violent offence	3-year average	96	101	95	105	101
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	year	607	730	718	805	776
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	3-year average	611	654	685	751	766
Rate	year	15.2%	14.8%	11.8%	15.0%	12.6%
Rate	3-year average	15.8%	15.5%	13.9%	13.9%	13.2%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007).

Non-Aboriginal		97-98	98-99	99-00	00-01	01-02
Re-Admission for violent offence	year	370	348	292	317	314
Re-Admission for violent offence	3-year average	373	361	337	319	308
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	year	4043	3820	3683	3831	3914
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	3-year average	4122	3993	3849	3778	3809
Rate	year	9.2%	9.1%	7.9%	8.3%	8.0%
Rate	3-year average	9.0%	9.0%	8.7%	8.4%	8.1%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007).

Return to Federal Custody for Non-violent Conviction within 5 years post-WED

Aboriginal		97-98	98-99	99-00	00-01	01-02
Re-Admission for a non-violent offence	year	50	57	62	50	61
Re-Admission for a non-violent offence	3-year average	50	52	56	56	58
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	year	607	730	718	805	776
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	3-year average	611	654	685	751	766
Rate	year	8.2%	7.8%	8.6%	6.2%	7.9%
Rate	3-year average	8.2%	7.9%	8.2%	7.5%	7.5%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007).

Non-Aboriginal		97-98	98-99	99-00	00-01	01-02
Re-Admission for a non-violent offence	year	305	293	285	323	330
Re-Admission for a non-violent offence	3-year average	320	312	294	300	313
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	year	4043	3820	3683	3831	3914
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	3-year average	4122	3993	3849	3778	3809
Rate	year	7.5%	7.7%	7.7%	8.4%	8.4%
Rate	3-year average	7.8%	7.8%	7.6%	7.9%	8.2%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007).

Men and Women Offenders: Comparative Data

The following tables present reintegration results for men and women offenders during community supervision and post-sentence completion (post-WED).

Re-Offending with Violent Convictions while on Supervision

Men		01-02	02-03	03-04	04-05	05-06
Violent Convictions	year	245	245	242	229	187
Violent Convictions	3-year average	260	258	244	239	219
Release Flowthrough	year	15756	15539	15344	15307	15453
Release Flowthrough	3-year average	16020	15801	15546	15397	15368
Rate	year	1.6%	1.6%	1.6%	1.5%	1.2%
Rate	3-year average	1.6%	1.6%	1.6%	1.6%	1.4%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007). Release Flowthrough as of April 8, 2007.

Women		01-02	02-03	03-04	04-05	05-06
Violent Convictions	year	4	5	4	3	5
Violent Convictions	3-year average	6	4	4	4	4
Release Flowthrough	year	855	843	824	849	915
Release Flowthrough	3-year average	850	855	841	839	863
Rate	year	0.5%	0.6%	0.5%	0.4%	0.5%
Rate	3-year average	0.7%	0.5%	0.5%	0.5%	0.5%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007). Release Flowthrough as of April 8, 2007.

Return to Federal Custody for Violent Offence within 2 years post-WED

Men		00-01	01-02	02-03	03-04	04-05
Re-Admission for a violent offence	year	229	218	236	231	265
Re-Admission for a violent offence	3-year average	224	217	228	228	244
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	year	4408	4444	4386	4279	4351
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	3-year average	4329	4349	4413	4370	4339
Rate	year	5.2%	4.9%	5.4%	5.4%	6.1%
Rate	3-year average	5.2%	5.0%	5.2%	5.2%	5.6%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007).

Women		00-01	01-02	02-03	03-04	04-05
Re-Admission for a violent offence	year	4	4	6	2	6
Re-Admission for a violent offence	3-year average	4	4	5	4	5
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	year	228	246	248	244	192
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	3-year average	200	227	241	246	228
Rate	year	1.8%	1.6%	2.4%	0.8%	3.1%
Rate	3-year average	1.8%	1.8%	1.9%	1.6%	2.0%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007).

Mental Health Cases

Revocation while on Supervision

Men		02-03	03-04	04-05	05-06	06-07
Revocations	year	259	372	424	453	547
Revocations	3-year average	166	269	352	416	475
Release Flowthrough	year	469	640	725	825	949
Release Flowthrough	3-year average	320	482	611	730	833
Rate	year	55.2%	58.1%	58.5%	54.9%	57.6%
Rate	3-year average	51.9%	55.8%	57.5%	57.0%	57.0%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007). Release Flowthrough as of April 8, 2007.

Women		02-03	03-04	04-05	05-06	06-07
Revocations	year	27	26	40	45	69
Revocations	3-year average	20	25	31	37	51
Release Flowthrough	year	48	55	81	111	123
Release Flowthrough	3-year average	38	46	61	82	105
Rate	year	56.3%	47.3%	49.4%	40.5%	56.1%
Rate	3-year average	54.0%	54.7%	50.5%	44.9%	48.9%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007). Release Flowthrough as of April 8, 2007.

Mental Health Cases

Return to Federal Custody for New Offence within 2 years post-WED

Men		00-01	01-02	02-03	03-04	04-05
Re-Admission	year	4	7	17	32	31
Re-Admission	3-year average	1	4	9	19	27
Offenders Reaching WED	year	16	101	170	215	249
Offenders Reaching WED	3-year average	6	40	96	162	211
Rate	year	25.0%	6.9%	10.0%	14.9%	12.4%
Rate	3-year average	22.2%	9.2%	9.8%	11.5%	12.6%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007).

Women		00-01	01-02	02-03	03-04	04-05
Re-Admission	year	0	0	3	0	2
Re-Admission	3-year average	0	0	1	1	2
Offenders Reaching WED	year	5	12	19	16	18
Offenders Reaching WED	3-year average	2	6	12	16	18
Rate	year	0.0%	0.0%	15.8%	0.0%	11.1%
Rate	3-year average	0.0%	0.0%	8.3%	6.4%	9.4%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007).

Re-Offending Data

Section 1 presented tables displaying statistics on rates of violent re-offending convictions during community supervision and post-sentence completion (WED). The following tables show corresponding rates for non-violent convictions for the same period.

Re-Offending with Non-violent Conviction while on Supervision

		01-02	02-03	03-04	04-05	05-06
Non-violent Convictions	year	925	906	842	862	866
Non-violent Convictions	3-year average	962	962	891	870	857
Release Flowthrough	year	16611	16382	16168	16156	16368
Release Flowthrough	3-year average	16870	16656	16387	16235	16231
Rate	year	5.6%	5.5%	5.2%	5.3%	5.3%
Rate	3-year average	5.7%	5.8%	5.4%	5.4%	5.3%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007). Release Flowthrough as of April 8, 2007.

Return to Federal Custody with Non-violent Conviction 2 years post-WED

		00-01	01-02	02-03	03-04	04-05
Re-Admission for a non-violent offence	year	204	205	243	246	223
Re-Admission for a non-violent offence	3-year average	195	200	217	231	237
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	year	4636	4690	4634	4523	4543
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	3-year average	4529	4576	4653	4616	4567
Rate	year	4.4%	4.4%	5.2%	5.4%	4.9%
Rate	3-year average	4.3%	4.4%	4.7%	5.0%	5.2%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007).

Return Federal Custody with Non-violent Conviction within 5 years post-WED

		97-98	98-99	99-00	00-01	01-02
Re-Admission for a non-violent offence	year	355	350	347	373	391
Re-Admission for a non-violent offence	3-year average	371	363	351	357	370
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	year	4650	4550	4401	4636	4690
Offenders Reaching WED for any type of offence	3-year average	4734	4648	4534	4529	4576
Rate	year	7.6%	7.7%	7.9%	8.0%	8.3%
Rate	3-year average	7.8%	7.8%	7.7%	7.9%	8.1%

Source: Corporate Reporting System (April 8, 2007).

4.2 Incident Investigations

CSC's investigations process includes national and local investigations of incidents and issues affecting its operations. Investigations into inmate deaths or serious bodily injury are convened under section 19 of the CCRA, at either the national or the local level. CSC's Commissioner can also convene investigations under section 20 of the CCRA to report on any matter relating to the operations of CSC.

Other than investigations convened under section 19 and section 20 of the CCRA, the Director General, Incident Investigations and heads of operational units may convene investigations under Commissioner's Directive 041, Incident Reports, to report on incidents and issues affecting CSC's operations.

During fiscal year 2006-07, CSC convened 126 national investigations, including 32 investigations convened under Section 20 of the CCRA, and 94 Tier II Investigations--either convened under Section 19 of the CCRA (death or serious bodily injury) or under paragraph 9 of Commissioner's Directive 041. As indicated in the following tables, 72 investigations involved institution-related incidents, 49 investigations related to community incidents, 4 investigations related to a Community Correctional Centre, and 1 related to a Community-based Residential Facility.

Section 20 Investigations

Incident Type	Community	Institutional	Total
Accessory to Murder	1	0	1
Assault on Inmate	0	1	1
Death Unknown Causes	0	1	1
Deaths by Natural Cause	0	2	2
Major Disturbance	0	1	1
Murder	5	3	8
Murder and Attempted Murder	1	0	1
Sexual activity between patients	0	1	1
Sexual Assault Causing Bodily Harm	1	0	1
Sexual assault on a Minor	1	0	1
Suicide	0	11	11
Attempted Murder	0	1	1
Death by Possible Suicide or Overdose	0	1	1
Missing Weapon, Ammunition and Suicide of Officer	0	1	1
Grand Total	9	23	32

Tier II Investigations

Incident Type	Com-munity	Instit-utional	Instit-utional /CCC	Instit-utional /CRF	Total
Accident, Attempted Escape	0	1	0	0	1
Aggravated Assault Charges	1	0	0	0	1
Aggravated Assault, Assault with Weapon etc.	1	0	0	0	1
Aggravated Assault, Robbery, Unlawful Confinement etc.	1	0	0	0	1
Assault on Inmate	0	9	0	0	9
Assault on Staff	0	4	0	0	4
Attempted murder, Aggravated assault	1	0	0	0	1
Attempted Murder, Assault with Weapon, Robbery with Violence	1	0	0	0	1
Attempted Murder, Robbery with Firearm etc.	1	0	0	0	1
Attempted suicide	0	4	0	0	4
Attempted Suicide, Self-Inflicted Injuries	0	1	0	0	1
Charges of Production of Marijuana for purposes of trafficking	1	0	0	0	1
Charges Possession for the Purpose of Trafficking	1	0	0	0	1
Death by Overdose	1	1	1	0	3
Death by Suspected Overdose	2	0	0	1	3
Death Natural Cause	3	14	2	0	19
Death Unknown Cause	0	4	0	0	4
Escape (single offender)	0	2	0	0	2
Escape and subsequent robberies	0	1	0	0	1
Escapes (multiple offenders)	0	2	0	0	2
Inmate Fight	0	1	0	0	1
Inmate Injury	0	2	0	0	2
Multiple Assault and Weapons charges	1	0	0	0	1
Multi-vehicle collision	1	0	0	0	1
Offender Suicide	4	0	0	0	4
Robbery	1	0	0	0	1
Self-Inflicted Injury	0	2	0	0	2
Sexual Offence	15	0	0	0	15
Suicide	2	0	0	0	2
Suspect in shooting	1	0	0	0	1
Being Unlawfully at Large (UAL)	0	0	1	0	1
UAL on Day Parole and new charges	1	0	0	0	1
Use of Force	0	1	0	0	1
Grand Total	40	49	4	1	94

4.3 Glossary

Aboriginal

First Nation, M�tis or Inuit.

Aboriginal community

Aboriginal community is a First Nation, tribal council, band, community, organization or other group with a predominantly Aboriginal leadership.

Administrative segregation

Administrative segregation is confinement to keep the offender from associating with other inmates in order to maintain the security of the institution. Inmates may be segregated involuntarily or voluntarily.

Community-based Residential Facilities (CRF)

Facilities contracted from outside agencies or organizations to house federal offenders in the community.

Community Correctional Centre (CCC)

CCCs primarily house offenders on day parole and are designated as minimum-security institutions. In these, the director, parole officers and support staff work as a team, often in co-operation with community partners, to supervise and provide programs for offenders and prepare them for full parole.

Corrections and Conditional Release Act (CCRA)

The legislative framework governing Correctional Service Canada.

Conditional Release

Conditional release helps inmates make a gradual, supervised return to society while serving their sentence. Regardless of the type of conditional release, all offenders are supervised until their Warrant Expiry Date.

Temporary Absences (TAs)
Temporary Absences may be granted to offenders for medical, administrative, community service, family contact, and personal development reasons.
- Escorted temporary absence (ETA) may be granted at any time during the sentence .
- Unescorted temporary absence (UTA) may be granted after an offender has served one-sixth of the sentence or six months, whichever is greater.
Work Release (WR)
Work release allows an offender, classified as minimum or medium security and who is judged not to pose an undue risk, to do paid or voluntary work in the community under supervision.
Day Parole (DP)
Day parole allows an offender to participate in community-based activities to prepare for release on full parole or statutory release.
Full Parole (FP)
Inmates are normally eligible to be considered for full parole by the National Parole Board, after serving one-third of their sentence, or seven years, whichever is less.
Statutory Release (SR)
By law, most offenders who are serving sentences of fixed length, and who have not been granted parole or had their parole revoked, must be released on statutory release after serving two-thirds of their sentence.

CORCAN

A Special Operating Agency (SOA) that employs federal offenders for its workforce and, in doing so, provides them with working skills and working habits necessary to compete in the workforce.

Correctional Programs

Correctional programs are designed to improve offenders' current knowledge and skill level, improving the likelihood of successful reintegration into the community upon release.

Healing Lodge

These types of facilities may or may not be located on First Nations' reservation land. There are two distinct types of Healing Lodges available to offenders under the care and custody of CSC.

A Section 81 Healing Lodge is an Aboriginal community based correctional facility where the community has entered into an agreement with the Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness Canada for the provision of correctional care and custody to Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal offenders. The second type is located on CSC property and run by CSC with the assistance of community Aboriginal people.

Ion scanner

An ion scanner is an electronic device that has the ability to detect residual amounts of particular drugs on personal items such as money or credit cards.

Long Term Supervision Order (LTSO)

A Long Term Supervision Order is an order imposed by the court. The offender who has received such an order is supervised in accordance with the CCRA. The Long Term Supervision Order commences when the offender has finished serving all sentences for offences for which he or she had been convicted. The period of supervision to which the offender is subject at any time must not total more than 10 years.

Maximum Security Institutions

House offenders who pose a serious risk to staff, other offenders and the community. The perimeter of a maximum-security institution is well defined, highly secure and controlled. Offender movement and association are strictly regulated and directly supervised.

Medium Security Institutions

House offenders who pose a risk to the safety of the community. The perimeter of a medium-security institution is well defined, secure and controlled. Offender movement and association is regulated and generally supervised.

Minimum Security Institutions

House offenders who pose a limited risk to the safety of the community. The perimeter of a minimum-security institution is defined but not directly controlled. Offender movement and association within the institution are regulated under minimal supervision.

Multi-level Institutions

House offenders of different security classifications in different secure areas of the institution.

Offender Management System (OMS)

The automated information system used by CSC as its main database for offender information.

Revocation

If parolees violate the conditions of their conditional release, or have been charged with a criminal offence, their conditional release (day parole, full parole) is suspended and they are re-incarcerated. Upon reviewing the case at a formal hearing, the National Parole Board may then decide to revoke parole and have the offender remain incarcerated. If the offender is not revoked, the conditional release is reinstated.

Sections 81/84 of CCRA

Section 81 enables CSC to enter into agreements with Aboriginal communities for the provision of correctional services to Aboriginal offenders. These agreements permit CSC, with the consent of the offender and the Aboriginal community, to transfer the care and custody of the offender to an Aboriginal community. Under Section 84 of the CCRA, CSC gives the Aboriginal community an opportunity to propose a plan for the inmate's release to, and integration into, the Aboriginal community.

Security Classification

Each offender is reviewed initially on admission and then periodically throughout their sentence and is classified as a maximum, medium or minimum security risk and normally placed in an institution of the same classification. The security risk level is based on an assessment of factors related to public safety, escape risk and institutional adjustment.

Warrant Expiry Date (WED)

The date the sentence imposed by the courts officially ends.

4.4 Further Information

Correctional Service of Canada Internet site: www.csc-scc.gc.ca

CSC Contacts:

Bill Staubi
Director General
Performance Management
340 Laurier Avenue West
Ottawa, Ontario
K1A 0P9
Telephone: (613) 992-8723
Facsimile: (613) 995-5064
Email: StaubiBH@csc-scc.gc.ca

Jennifer Wheatley
Acting Assistant Commissioner
Performance Assurance
340 Laurier Avenue West
Ottawa, Ontario
K1A 0P9
Telephone: (613) 996-1710
Facsimile: (613) 943-9292
Email: WheatleyJM@csc-scc.gc.ca

¹ This is the Strategic Outcome as per the PAA that appears in the 2006-07 RPP. In the most recent RPP (2007-08) the wording was modified to: "Offenders are safely and effectively accommodated and reintegrated into Canadian communities with due regard to public safety."

² More information on CSC is available in its 2007-08 RPP at: www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/rpp/0708/csc-scc/csc-scc_e.pdf

³ For more information, see the Glossary at the end of this report.

⁴ Source: CSC Offender Management System. Note that, within a given year, many offenders move between incarceration and conditional release. In such cases, the offender is counted only once in each category.

⁵ A Reference Level is the current dollar balance of funding available to an organization for each year as approved by Treasury Board and/or statutory estimates related to statutes of Canada.

⁶ Corporate management costs are factored into the above 72-28 percent distribution.

⁷ CSC has changed its definition of 'employee' to be consistent with the definition used by the Canada Public Service Agency. Previously, casual employees, employees on leave without pay and suspended employees were included. Source: CSC Human Resources Management System (March 31, 2007).

⁸ Source: CSC Human Resources Management System (Employment equity data, March 31, 2007).

⁹ As per the latest data released by Statistics Canada (2001 Census Data).

¹⁰ Source: CSC Research Branch. For more information, see "The Changing Federal Offender Population" (August 2006). Available at: www.csc-scc.gc.ca/text/rsrch/special_reports/highlights-2006_e.shtml

¹¹ Ibid.

¹² Ibid.

¹³ The annual average cost per offender has increased by 4.1% from 2004-05 ($68,216) to 2005-06 ($71,004). Source: CSC Comptroller Branch.

¹⁴ Parole offices, typically being rented facilities, do not present the same maintenance issues as correctional institutions.

¹⁵ Planned Spending includes Main Estimates plus adjustments already supported by TBS. Total Authorities includes Planned Spending as well as Supplementary Estimates and access to the TB contingency Vote 5. For more information, see Section 3.2: Financial Information.

¹⁶ CSC is currently developing performance measures for all levels of its Program Activity Architecture. These will be used for 2008-09 reporting.

¹⁷ Since they provide a more reliable indicator, the three-year moving averages (of rates) will be the primary method used by CSC to measure long-term improvements in performance. At the same time, annual objectives have been established and annual results are closely monitored to provide early indications of potential shifts in trends. CSC is committed to achieving improvements in its results, as reflected in both the annual results and the three-year moving averages.

¹⁸ Result commitments were not set for 2006-07.

¹⁹ CORCAN operates through a revolving fund, with operating costs offset by revenues.

²⁰ While not a Program Activity, Corporate Management supports all program activities, and costs associated with it are distributed throughout the PAA in other financial tables, as reflected in the Main Estimates.

²¹ In view of the fiscal restraint measures introduced in November 2006, CSC adjusted these performance expectations as reflected in its 2007-08 RPP.

²² Results that are more detailed are presented in Section 2.1.1. Major Institutional Incidents include staff murders, inmate murders, hostage taking/forcible confinement, escapees from institutions or escorts, suicides, as well as any assaults on staff, assaults on inmates or inmate fights that result in a major injury.

²³ "Institutional Flowthrough" refers to the number of offenders who spend at least one day during the fiscal year in an institution.

²⁴ Data includes "Commit", "Attempt to commit", "Threaten to commit", "Suspected of committing", "Conspire to commit" and so on.

²⁵ "Institutional Staff" reflects the number of CSC employees in institutions at a given point in the year. This number is thus a snapshot, rather than a flowthrough (see footnote 23).

²⁶ The data in the two tables below include "minor" and "major" injuries.

²⁷ Although the Report on Plans and Priorities 2006-07 described CSC's Mental Health Strategy as having six components, one component (providing coordination and leadership in the delivery and development of mental health services) has been subsumed under the other components of the Strategy. The five components are: Implement clinical screening and assessment process at intake; Provide primary mental health care in all CSC institutions; Create intermediate mental health care units in selected men's institutions; Ensure consistent standards and approach in CSC mental health treatment centres; and, Implement community mental health initiative.

²⁸ The creation of intermediate mental health care units in selected men's institutions is the only remaining unfunded component of CSC's Mental Health Strategy.

²⁹ The Community Mental Health Initiative received five-year funding starting in 2005-06.

³⁰ In view of the fiscal restraint measures introduced in November 2006, CSC adjusted these performance expectations as reflected in its 2007-08 RPP. In the short term, CSC is limited to reporting results based on the mental health condition of offenders at admission. In the longer term, CSC will work toward improving its capability of reporting correctional results based on the mental health condition of offenders prior to their release into the community.

³¹ Revocation statistics require a case-by-case analysis in order to determine the appropriateness of any given case. As a result, revocation data, while it will continue to be monitored closely, will not be used as a result indicator in future years.

³² This mental health indicator was not available at intake for most of the offenders who reached the end of their sentence five to ten years ago. The few that had a completed intake mental health assessment are not representative of the offender population over the past ten years. For this reason, CSC is not able to report at this time on the re-offending rate of offenders with mental health disorders at five years past Warrant Expiry Date (WED).

³³ Highlights and recommendations available at: www.parl.gc.ca/39/1/parlbus/commbus/senate/com-e/soci-e/rep-e/pdf/rep02may06high-e.pdf

³⁴ There has not been a formal Government response to the Senate Committee report.

³⁵ Source: CSC 2004-05 Departmental Performance Report.

³⁶ In view of the fiscal restraint measures introduced in November 2006, CSC adjusted these performance expectations as reflected in its 2007-08 RPP.

³⁷ It is important to note that while CSC contributes to reducing the long-term rate of offenders returning to federal custody, several external factors influence this result, including the profile of the offenders, legislation, sentencing trends, law enforcement capacity, and events that happen to offenders following sentence completion and when they are no longer under CSC's jurisdiction.

³⁸ CSC's 2006-07 RPP also referred to the percentage of offenders charged with a new offence; however, after further analysis, conviction data is considered to be a more results-based indicator of reoffending. Charge data will continue to be monitored.

³⁹ CSC has implemented a one-year delay in reporting new convictions for offenders in order to allow time for the judicial process. Reporting these results at the end of each fiscal year would misrepresent the actual results since the courts would not have had the opportunity to process the charges.

⁴⁰ For more information, see the following research report: "The Safe Return of Offenders to the Community" (CSC: April 2005), available at: www.csc-scc.gc.ca/text/rsrch/safe_return2005/safe_return2005_e.pdf

⁴¹ Information on the continuum of care model for Aboriginal offenders is available at: www.csc-scc.gc.ca/text/prgrm/correctional/abissues/plan06_e.shtml#6

⁴² The data source for the following tables is the Offender Management System (April 8, 2007).

⁴³ In view of the fiscal restraint measures introduced in November 2006, CSC adjusted these performance expectations as reflected in its 2007-08 RPP.

⁴⁴ Available at: www.csc-scc.gc.ca/text/prgrm/correctional/abissues/documents/spac06_e.pdf

⁴⁵ Available at: www.statcan.ca/english/freepub/85-002-XIE/85-002-XIE2006003.pdf

⁴⁶ There were no corporate level employee surveys conducted in 2006-07.

⁴⁷ For more information on the MAF, see: www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/maf-crg/index_e.asp

⁴⁸ The Whole-of-Government Framework is used for whole-of-government reporting, as reflected in documents such as the annual Canada's Performance reports: www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/report/govrev/06/cp-rc_e.pdf

⁴⁹ CSC's management improvement agenda, while not a Sub-Activity, is included in this column.

⁵⁰ Institutional Services is another Sub-Activity; however, there are no RPP plans associated with it.

⁵¹ Information of an extremely sensitive and personal nature.

⁵² Available at: www.csc-scc.gc.ca/text/PA/audit_druginterdiction2006/druginterdiction2006_e.pdf

⁵³ "Oleoresin Capsicum" spray, also known as pepper spray.

⁵⁴ Assaults on staff, assaults on inmates and inmate fights are included only if they result in a major injury.

⁵⁵ The data presented below includes, but is not limited to, incidents that involve charges or convictions.

⁵⁶ Revocations can be for new offences or for other reasons, such as non-compliance with release conditions.

⁵⁷ CSC Management Control Framework: Health Services ( Nov 30, 2006 ).

⁵⁸ See "The Budget Plan 2007", available at: www.budget.gc.ca/2007/pdf/bp2007e.pdf

⁵⁹ As per the PAA, Inmate Pay is a Sub-Activity as well. There were no RPP plans or priorities associated with Inmate Pay.

⁶⁰ Dynamic Factor Identification and Analysis directs the Parole Officer/Primary Worker towards areas of concern that may be unique to an offender.

⁶¹ Under Section 84 of the CCRA, CSC gives the Aboriginal community an opportunity to propose a plan for the inmate's release to, and integration into, the Aboriginal community.

⁶² Available at: www.csc-scc.gc.ca/text/rsrch/reports/r130/r130_e.pdf

⁶³ The Pathways unit re-opened on June 1, 2007

⁶⁴ Results concerning reintegration of offenders can be found in Section 1.6: Departmental Performance , under the Community Transition priority. Additional data on correctional results is presented in Section 4.1 .

⁶⁵ Due to expenditure reduction measures, training had to be curtailed, and not all Parole Officers were trained. As a result, this initiative was carried over to the subsequent year as reflected in the 2007-08 Report on Plans and Priorities.

⁶⁶ "Outcomes" include all program assignments that ended within the fiscal year, whether as a result of successful completion, the offender dropping out of the program, transfer of the offender to another institution, and so on.

⁶⁷ Further information on CORCAN can be found on CSC's website at: www.csc-scc.gc.ca/text/prgrm/corcan/home_e.shtml

⁶⁸ As per the Program Activity Architecture.

⁶⁹ An offender may earn more than one certificate.

⁷⁰ Employee data: Human Resource Management System (March 31, 2007).

⁷¹ Available at: www.csc-scc.gc.ca/text/pblct/sphrm07_10/StrPlaHRMn_e.pdf

⁷² The Offender Management System is used to gather, store and retrieve information on federal offenders.

⁷³ Available at: www.csc-scc.gc.ca/text/pblct/sphrm07_10/StrPlaHRMn_e.pdf

⁷⁴ Source: CSC Human Resource Management System (March 31, 2007).

⁷⁵ Available at: www.psagency-agencefp.gc.ca/survey-sondage/2005/index_e.asp

⁷⁶ Four groups are designated as Employment Equity groups, as per the Employment Equity Act: women, Aboriginal peoples, members of visible minorities and persons with disabilities.

⁷⁷ A Results-based Management and Accountability Framework provides Program Managers with a concise statement or road map to plan, monitor, evaluate and report on the results throughout the lifecycle of a program, policy or initiative.

⁷⁸ Available at: www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/pol/doc-eng.aspx?id=12340

⁷⁹ Although not a member of the Executive Committee, the Chief Audit Executive reports directly to the Commissioner. Also, in Summer 2007, a new Health Services sector, led by an Assistant Commissioner, was added to CSC's organizational structure.

⁸⁰ As mentioned, in 2007-08 a new Health Services Sector was added to CSC's organizational structure, taking over accountability for health services from Correctional Operations and Programs. The new sector, which includes new directorates at headquarters and in regions, will help support and continually improve the quality of health services provided to inmates, while ensuring that policies are applied consistently. It will also ensure standardized practices and provide greater integration of physical and mental health services.

⁸¹ Includes 58 institutions as well as Community Correctional Centres, displayed in italic.

⁸² Includes the Special Handling Unit.

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SECTION 4 OTHER ITEMS OF INTEREST

4.1 Additional Data on Correctional Results

4.2 Incident Investigations

4.3 Glossary

4.4 Further Information